Polyatomic Ions Flashcards
What are polyatomic ions?
An ion made up of two or more atoms covalently bonded and act as a single unit.
They can have either a negative or positive charge.
They cannot be neutral.
What are the suffix’s for poly atomic ions that contain oxygen?
Ite/Ate.
What does the -ate suffix mean?
one more oxygen atom.
What does the -ite suffix mean?
one less oxygen atom.
What does the -ide suffix mean?
usually it means there is no oxygen atom in the ion.
Order from none to most oxygen
-Ide, Hypo-ite, -ite, -ate, Per-ate.
NO3
Nitrate (-)
NO2
Nitrite (-)
N-3
Nitride
Don’t forget the negative three charge.
SO4
Sulfate (-2)
SO3
Sulfite (-2)
S-2
Sulfide
Don’t forget the -2 charge.
PO4
Phosphate (-3)
PO3
Phosphite (-3)
P-3
Phosphide.
Don’t forget -3 charge.
ClO4
Perchlorate (-)
ClO3
Chlorate (-)
ClO2
Chlorite (-)
ClO1
Hypochlorite (-)
Cl-
Chloride
Don’t forget -1 charge.
BrO4
Perbromate (-)
BrO3
Bromate (-)
BrO2
Bromite (-)
BrO
Hypobromite (-)
Br-
Bromide
IO4
Periodate (-)
IO3
Iodate (-)
IO2
Iodite (-)
IO
Hypoidite (-)
I-
Iodide
Don’t forget -1 charge.
CO3
Carbonate (-2)
HCO3
Bicarbonate or
Hydrogen carbonate (-)
HSO4
Bisulfate or Hydrogen sulfate. (-)
HSO3
Bisulfite or Hydrogen Sulfite (-)
HPO4
Biphosphate or hydrogen phosphate (-2)
H2PO4
Dihydrogen Phosphate (-)
What happens when a hydrogen is added to a polyatomic atom.
The charge is reduced since hydrgen forms a +1 charge.
HPO3
hydrogren phosphite (-2)
H2PO3
Dihydrogen Phosphite.
OH
Hydroxide (-)
NH4
Ammonium (+)
NH3
Ammonia
C2H3O2
Acetate (-)
C2O4
Oxalate (-2)
CrO4
Chromate (-2)
Cr2O7
Dichromate (-2)
S2
Disulfate (-2)
S2O3
Thiosulfate (-2)
What does the prefix Thio mean?
Thio means the Oxygen in a polyatomic ion has been replaced by a sulfur
Ex: SO4 (Sulfate)–> S2O3 (Thiosulfate)
MnO4
Permanganate (-)
CN
Cyanide (-)
SCN
Thiocyanate (-)
O-2
Oxide
O2-2
Peroxide
O2-1
Superoxide
N3-
Azide
N-3
Nitride
BO3
Borate (-3)
H3O
Hydronium (+)
