Gen Chem Flashcards
M to NM
1m=1e+9nm
s to ms
1s = 1,000 ms
L to mls
1L = 1,000 mls
How to remember Metric Mnuemonic
Kittens Hate Dogs But Do Chase Mice.| Kilo, Hecta, Deka, (Base Unit), Deci, Centi, Milli
Avogadro’s #
6.022 x 1023
electronegativity difference less than 0.5
Non Polar covalent Bond.
electronegativity difference less 0.6-1.7
Polar Covalent bond.
electronegativity difference greater than 1.7
Ionic Bond
Usually a metal and non-Metal,
What is A? AC
Total number of nucleons (Mass #)| Nucleons (Protons + Neutrons)
What is B? BC
Atomic #// Number of protons
order to convert M per S to nm per ms
multiply the meters by the 9 notation for nm and have the nm/1,000ms = 1s, now divide for nm per ms.| don’t multiply becuase it is a fraciton/ ratio.
Where should the meniscus be read?
At the bottom to the correct Sig Fig.
What is an Isotope?
An isotope is an atom with the same number number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons, this is is how atomic mass can is estimated on the periodic table.
What are main group elements?
groups 1,2, & 13-18
What is Isomer?
Isomers have the same chemical compound but a different structure.
What kind of bond forms between two metals?
Metallic bond, usually less than 1 for electonegativity.
What are the 6 strong Acids?
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4), Hydroiogic Acid (HI), Hydrobromic Acid (HBr), Nitric Acid (HNO3), Hydrochloric adic (HCl), Perchloric Acid (HClO4)
What are the 6 strong Bases?
Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH), Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), Strontium Hydroxide Sr(OH)2), Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2)
Mnemonic for 6 strong acids?
SO I Brought NO Clean Clothes.
What are the 7 diatomic elements?
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Flourine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine.
What are the 10 families of the periodic table?
- Alkali Metals
- Alkaline Earth Metals
- Transition metals
- Basic/ post transition metals
- Semi/ Metalliods
- Halogens
- Noble Gases
- Non-Metals
- Lanthanide
- Actinide
What is the first Group mostly composed of?
Alkali Metals
What is the Second group composed of?
Alkaline Earth metals.
What is Group 17 (7A) composed of?
Halogens
What is Group 18 (8A) composed of?
Noble Gases.
What are groups 3-12 composed of?
Transition metals.
What are the charges of the noble gases?
0
What are main group elements?
groups 1,2, & 13-18
What is a covalent bond?
A bond in which the electrons are shared, usually betwen two non metals.
Two types: Polar and Non-polar (Based on electronegativity difference.)
What is an ionic bond?
When one element loses electrons and another gains them. Made between metals and non-metals
has a higher electronegativity difference than covalent bonds.
What is a cation?
The positively charged end of an ion.
When postive they have lost electrons.
What is an anion?
The negatively charged end of an ion.
When negative they have gained electrons.