POLIOMYELITIS Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the genome of polio?

A

ssRNA

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2
Q

Different types of polios we have?

A
  • Inapparent Polio (asymptomatic)
  • Clinical polio
    *Abortive polio-minor illness (presents with influenza like symptoms-fever, headache, sore throat, malaise & muscle pain
    *Poliomyelitis-major illness
    -Paralytic
    -Non paralytic
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3
Q

How is polio transmitted??

A

Faeco-orally

*Virus shed on stool

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4
Q

What’ s the incubation period of polio

A

7-14 days

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5
Q

What is scute flaccid paralysis, and how does it result?

A

It manifests 3-4 days after mild symptoms of paralytic polio have subsided.

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6
Q

What are the possible complications from polio infection?

A
  • Acute flaccid paralysis
  • Meningitis/encephalitis
  • Post-polio syndrome (A condition that can affect polio survivors decades after they recover from their initial polio virus infection)
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7
Q

What’s polio case defination?

A
  • Any child under 15 presenting with flaccid paralysis in the absence of injury
  • And any person of any age presenting with flaccid paralysis when poli is suspected.
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8
Q

Can you elaborate on post-polio syndrome?

A
  • Occurs 15-40 years after u’ve recovered from your initial polio infection

It manifests as:
- Paralysis
- Feeling tired (mental and physical fatigue)
- Joint pain

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8
Q

Why do we say polio is on a verge of eradication?

A
  • Humans are the only reservoir
  • There are vaccines in place for all 3 polio serotypes
  • Good diagnostic and surveillance systems in place
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9
Q

What are the vaccines in place to prevent polio infection?

A
  • Oral polio vaccine (administered at birth)- Provides gut and systemic immunity. Covers serotype 1& 3
  • Intramuscular polio vaccine (or Inactivated polio vaccine)- provides systemic immunity igG
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10
Q

What have been polio eradication challenges??

A
  • Introduction of IPV in childhood immunization program
  • Switching from trivalent poli vaccine (covering all 3 serotypes) to bivalent poli vaccine.
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11
Q

What’s vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis?

A
  • Is a clinical disease similar to poliomyelitis appearing in a vaccinated individual within 7-30 days after administration of the OPV
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