Polio

Question 1

Inflammation and damage to the grey matter of the spinal chord defines which condition?

Answer 1

Poliomyelitis.

Question 2

Polio is not contagious.

True or false.

Answer 2

False.
Extremely contagious.

One attack creates immunity against another attack of the same viral type

Question 3

How does polio virus gain access to infect a person?

Answer 3

Enters through the nasopharynx.

It is of oral fecal transmission.

Survives in acidic environment of stomach.

Question 4

Polio is an upper motor neuron paralytic condition.

True or false?

Answer 4

False.

Lower motor neuron due to where it hits and the type of paralysis presentation.

Some brain may be affected but those are rare cases.

Question 5

What is the most serious form of polio?

Answer 5

Polio encephalitis (bulbar polio)

-virus travels to the brain stem causing paralysis of muscles of larynx and pharynx.

(They use iron lungs for these patients)

Question 6

The later the exposure to polio the less likely they are to develop the serious form of polio.

True or false?

Answer 6

False.

The earlier the patient is exposed to polio (infancy/childhood) the less likely they are to develop the serious one.

Question 7

What are the stages involved in the progression of Polio?

Answer 7

-Incubation stage
From infection to onset of symptoms 7-14days

-onset stage
Symptom phase lasts 2days

-paralytic stage
Rapid development of paralysis lasts 2-5weeks

Question 8

Which stage of polio progression is the patient most contagious?

Answer 8

Incubation.

Some never develop symptoms, are thus carriers.

Question 9

The onset stage is when treatment should be implemented rapidly.

True or false?

Answer 9

False.

There is no treatment in this stage. The infection must run its course.

If infection does not progress then the patients make a full and complete recovery.

Question 10

What are the most commonly affected muscles in specific order?

Answer 10

• tib ant
• peroneals
• quads
• glutei
• delts

Question 11

Paralysis caused by polio is sensory and motor.

True or false?

Answer 11

False.

Motor only.

Muscles innervated by more than one spinal level may continue to function even if other section of the motor neuron are affected.

Question 12

What are the two main vaccines associated with polio?

Answer 12

• Salk inactivated poliovirus (IPV)

- Sabin live attenuated oral poliovirus (OPV)

Question 13

Analgesics and antipyretics are the symptom treatment choice for polio.

True or false?

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

How long post polio is treatment contraindicated?

Answer 14

6weeks due to inflammation.

Question 15

Patient can be placed on affected musculature to aid in circulation.

True or false?

Answer 15

False.

No laying on atrophied musculature.

Keep affected side stabilized during treatment using pillows and props.

Question 16

A series of symptoms occurring in middle aged adults who experienced polio in childhood, particularly those who experienced severe paralysis is known as:

Answer 16

Post polio syndrome.

• 25% of polio survivors will experience it.
• not a resurgence of the disease but of aging degeneration of the grey matter especially on areas already previously weakened by the virus.

Question 17

Some symptoms of post polio syndrome include:

Answer 17

• hypo ventilation
• new muscle weakness
• dysphagia
• intolerance to cold
• fatigue
• sleep disorders
• decreased ADL

Question 18

Polio is a condition that loves cold hydro.

True or false?

Answer 18

False.

They love heat..

Multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s hate heat.

Question 19

Define polio:

Answer 19

Acute viral infection that 1st targets intestinal mucosa and later anterior horn cells of spinal chord.

Some cases may affect the brain as well.