Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
Areas of the myelin that is unable to repair itself and is then replaced by scar tissue is known as:
Plaques/Lesions.
These make the flow of nerve transmission unpredictable.
The cause for MS is genetic.
True or false?
False.
Idiopathic.
-no test for it. Performed by ruling out possibility of other diseases.
Multifactorial implies what in regards to MS?
Is generally believed to be caused or set off by a series of events and factors which come together in one person.
(Genetic, autoimmune, viral, climatic)
What are some possible causes for MS?
-idiopathic
-multifactorial
-temperate climate
(Warmer climates have less MS cases)
-viral infection
(Possible herpes or measles type previous infections)
- autoimmune
- genetic
What are the types of MS?
- relapsing remitting
- benign
- primary progressive
- secondary progressive
What are some triggers to MS exacerbations?
- heat
- over exertion
- viral or bacterial infection
- fever
- physical or emotional trauma
- pregnancy
- surgery
What is the most common type of MS?
- secondary progressive.
- has exacerbations n remissions whereby patient recovers but progressively becomes more paralyzed with each attack.
MS that is relapsing and remitting, whereby patient has almost complete recovery with minimal effects in paralysis, describes which type?
Benign.
What is the second most common type of MS?
Relapsing remitting.
Symptoms worsen During the attack followed by complete or partial improvement.
Symptoms DO NOT worsen between attacks.
Lesions and/ plaques are most commonly found in the brainstem, cerebellum, optic nerve and spinal chord.
True or false?
True.
May vary widely in individuals as attacks can occur anywhere in CNS.
What are some of the signs and symptoms of MS?
-balance and coordination problems
-spasticity
-altered sensation
-extreme fatigue
-abnormal or scanning speech
-bladder or bowel dysfunction
-visual disturbances
-extreme sensitivity to heat
Etc
What are some of the palpation observations one may make on a patient with MS?
- decreased muscle bulk
- increased muscle tone
- tropic changes to skin
- poor healing
- pitting edema ESP’ in hands and feet
Testing can be done during periods of exacerbations in order to pinpoint affected spinal levels.
True or false?
False.
No testing during exacerbations.
How does Mild spasticity present in patients with MS?
Gross motor mvt can be achieved but fine motor mvts” are clumsy or impossible.
How does severe spasticity present in patients with MS?
Passive movement by therapist will be met with strong spastic resistance. Active mvt is impossible.
