Anterior Chest/Breast Massage Flashcards
Symptoms of mastitis include:
- swelling, redness, pain on breasts
- fever, enlargement, discharge, itching, tenderness
- lump
True/False?
True.
What are some causes of breast pain?
- brachial plexus entrapment
- triggerpoints
- gall stones
- esophageal lesions
- Angina pectoralis
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- pregnancy/hormonal related congestion
Restrictive clothing and fibrocytic breast disease can cause breast pain.
True / False?
True.
List some indications for breast massage:
- congestion related to breast conditions
- drainage problems (large breast etc)
- Px seeks assistance getting comfy with breasts
- breast trauma (crush injuries -seat belt)
- adhered scar formation
Etc etc
What are some contraindications to breast massage?
- unable to establish open communication with Px
- mastitis
- infection
- Px does not give / withdraw consent
- ruptured implant (no direct pressure)
Etc etc
What are coopers ligaments (lig of cooper)?
Fascial membranes that anchor the stroma (structural tissue) and provide framework for breast.
Which structures provide the upper anatomical boundaries of the breast?
-lower edge of clavicle
Which structures provide the Medial anatomical boundaries of the breast?
-sternal midline
Which structures provide the Lateral anatomical boundaries of the breast?
-anterior edge of lats with some tissue extending into axilla.
How many anatomical boundaries from the breast?
4
Parenchyma is structural breast tissue.
True / False?
False.
Glandular Functional tissue (15-20lobes) separated by thick connective tissue capsules.
The lobes of the parenchyma open up into ______.
Ductules.
Ductules propel their contents into a central duct channel of their lobe
Where does the entire duct system of the parenchyma terminate?
-reservoir called MILK SINUS or LACTIFEROUS sinus.
Located behind nipple
Sebaceous glands in the areola are known as:
Montgomery Glands.
Which artery supplies the breast?
Subclavian artery.
What is the significance of VALVE-LESS breast lymphatics?
- compromised drainage against gravity
- scar tissue n compression can easily cause congestion
Breast lymphatics drain deep to superficial.
True / False?
False.
Superficial to deep.
(Affects direction of drainage -towards areola into SUBAREOLA plexi)
What percentage of breast lymph drains into the axillary nodes?
75%.
Other 25 goes down sternum, down rect abs into inguinal…
All lymph nodes drain into one specific breast quadrant.
True / False?
Certain nodes do not drain specific quadrants of breast.
This allows for drainage to still be efficient in cases where breast tissue may be removed or obstructed.
The superior aspect of the breast is innervated by which nerve level/s?
C3-4
The medial and lateral aspects of the breasts are innervated by cervical nerves.
True / False?
False.
Intercostal nerves 2-5
Why can shoulder compression syndromes or nerve damage affect breast tissue?
Due to innervation by intercostobrachial nerve from C8-T1
Define cicatrical scarring:
Extreme puckering due to contraction of connective tissue.
Excessive scar tissue formation containing blood vessels is known as:
Keloid.
Firm, rubbery sharply defined round mass, typically singular n asymptomatic is known as:
Fibroadenoma.
What is the presentation of fibrocytic breasts?
- nodular
- prominent granular breast masses
- painful (before & after menstruation)
Cysts are typically singular and unilateral.
True \ False?
False.
Bilateral n multiple.
(Primarily on superolateral aspect of breast)
List some breast ominous signs:
- nipple retraction
- nipple discharge
- hard, non tender lumps
- post menopausal cyst activity
How often would you see a patient with hormonal conditions for breast massage?
May be monthly.
