Polarity and solubility, H-bonding

Question 1

How does a polar covalent bond form?

Answer 1

If the electron pair in a covalent bond is not equally attracted in to each atom, then a polar covalent bond is formed

Question 1

How do you identify if a bond is non polar?

Answer 1

If two atoms in a covalent bond are the same then the bond is non polar since the two atoms are identical. They must have the same attraction for the shared electrons

Question 2

Water is a solvent. What is a solvent?

Answer 2

The liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

Question 3

What is the general rule of solubility?

Answer 3

“like dissolves like”. ie. if molecules of solute are similar in size and polarity to those of the solvent, they will probably dissolve

Question 4

what type of substance dissolves best in a non polar solvent?

Answer 4

non polar compounds

Question 5

list properties of ionic compounds

Answer 5

Solid at room temperature
crystals made of ions
High melting point
Usually soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvents
an electrolyte; ie. the solution in water will conduct electricity

Question 6

list properties of covalent compounds

Answer 6

Liquids or gases at room temperature
low melting point
often insoluble (non-polar) in water and soluble in organic solvents
polar-substances are soluble in water
if they form a solution in water it is a nonelectrolyte ie. does not conduct with electricity