movement of molecules Flashcards
Active movement
requires ATP
Passive movement
no ATP needed
Endocytosis
intake of molecules
exocytosis
removal of substances from the cell
Pinocytosis
drinking droplets of fluid
Phagocytosis
eating particles
Active transport
A protein pump uses ATP to push ions against their concentration gradient
simple diffusion
movement of molecules from an area where they are concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated until an equilibrium is reached either directly through membrane or through channel proteins like sodium channels and potassium channels
Osmosis
movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water
Facilitated diffusion
movement of glucose and amino acids across the membrane by protein carriers down their concentration gradient
Filtration
molecules;es are pushed across a membrane from high pressure to lower pressure
The rate of diffusion is increased if
- The temperature rises
- The concentration gradient increases
- The molecules are small
- the distance travelled is shorter
