Polarity

Question 1

What determines how substances interact with each other?

Answer 1

polarity

Question 2

Are polar bonds necessary for a molecule to be polar?

Answer 2

yes, but they’re not sufficient

Question 3

What does a molecule also need in order for it to be polar?

Answer 3

needs to have a net dipole moment

Question 4

What is a net dipole moment?

Answer 4

when there is an overall partial positive charge on one end of the molecule and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule

Question 5

What is no net dipole moment?

Answer 5

Pulling of the forces cancel each other (nonpolar)

Question 6

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of linear geometry?

Answer 6

nonpolar
cancels out
no net dipole moment

Question 7

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of bent geometry?

Answer 7

polar
does not cancel out because of asymmetry
net dipole moment

Question 8

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of trigonal planar geometry?

Answer 8

nonpolar
cancels out
no net dipole moment

Question 9

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of tetrahedral geometry?

Answer 9

nonpolar
cancels out
no net dipole moment

Question 10

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of trigonal pyramidal geometry?

Answer 10

polar
does not cancel out
net dipole moment

Question 11

What do lone pairs on an the central atom affect?

Answer 11

polarity and could potentially have a net dipole moment

Question 12

Does asymmetry make a difference in identifying polarity?

Answer 12

yes, due to the force on a central atom with lone pairs

Question 13

What is symmetry?

Answer 13

Pulling of the forces are even when there is no lone pair on the central atom

Question 14

What plane is nonpolar in?

Answer 14

same plane

Question 15

What plane is polar in?

Answer 15

not in same plane (asymmetric)

Question 16

What does a molecule need in order to be polar?

Answer 16

polar bonds and a net dipole moment

Question 17

How do you know if a molecule has polar bonds?

Answer 17

If the difference in electronegativity for the atoms in a bond is greater than 0.5

Question 18

What kind of bond is it when ∆electronegativity is below 0.5?

Answer 18

nonpolar covalent bond

Question 19

What kind of bond is it when ∆electronegativity is between 0.5 and 2?

Answer 19

polar covalent bond

Question 20

What kind of bond is it when ∆electronegativity is above 2?

Answer 20

fully polar

Question 21

Can a molecule be polar if it has no net dipole moment?

Answer 21

no

Question 22

Do PFAs molecules have net dipole moments?

Answer 22

no, therefore is nonpolar

Question 23

What does intramolecular mean?

Answer 23

within molecule

Question 24

What does intermolecular mean?

Answer 24

between molecules

Question 25

What are london dispersion forces?

Answer 25

attraction between two temporary, instantaneous, non-permanent dipoles (temporary)

Question 26

What is dipole-dipole attraction?

Answer 26

attraction between a partially positive portion of one molecule and partially negative portion of a different molecule

Question 27

What is the only interaction available for nonpolar molecules?

Answer 27

london dispersion forces

Question 28

How strong are london dispersion forces?

Answer 28

fleeting and weak

Question 29

How strong are dipole-dipole forces?

Answer 29

intermediate strength

Question 30

What kind of bond do you need for a dipole-dipole attraction to exist?

Answer 30

polar bond

Question 31

What will there be in a dipole-dipole attraction?

Answer 31

attraction or repulsion

Question 32

What is hydrogen bonding responsible for?

Answer 32

water behavior+properties

Question 33

What is a special case of dipole-dipole interaction?

Answer 33

hydrogen bonding

Question 34

What elements are reserved for hydrogen bonding?

Answer 34

when hydrogen is bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine

Question 35

How strong are hydrogen bonds?

Answer 35

strong interaction

Question 36

Are london dispersion forces intramolecular or intermolecular?

Answer 36

intermolecular

Question 37

Are hydrogen bondings intramolecular or intermolecular?

Answer 37

intermolecular

Question 38

Are dipole-dipole attractions intramolecular or intermolecular?

Answer 38

intermolecular