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CHEM 1110 > Polarity > Flashcards

Polarity Flashcards

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1
Q

What determines how substances interact with each other?

A

polarity

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2
Q

Are polar bonds necessary for a molecule to be polar?

A

yes, but they’re not sufficient

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3
Q

What does a molecule also need in order for it to be polar?

A

needs to have a net dipole moment

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4
Q

What is a net dipole moment?

A

when there is an overall partial positive charge on one end of the molecule and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule

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5
Q

What is no net dipole moment?

A

Pulling of the forces cancel each other (nonpolar)

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6
Q

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of linear geometry?

A

nonpolar
cancels out
no net dipole moment

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7
Q

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of bent geometry?

A

polar
does not cancel out because of asymmetry
net dipole moment

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8
Q

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of trigonal planar geometry?

A

nonpolar
cancels out
no net dipole moment

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9
Q

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of tetrahedral geometry?

A

nonpolar
cancels out
no net dipole moment

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10
Q

What is the polarity, basis of cancelation, and net dipole moment of trigonal pyramidal geometry?

A

polar
does not cancel out
net dipole moment

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11
Q

What do lone pairs on an the central atom affect?

A

polarity and could potentially have a net dipole moment

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12
Q

Does asymmetry make a difference in identifying polarity?

A

yes, due to the force on a central atom with lone pairs

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13
Q

What is symmetry?

A

Pulling of the forces are even when there is no lone pair on the central atom

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14
Q

What plane is nonpolar in?

A

same plane

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15
Q

What plane is polar in?

A

not in same plane (asymmetric)

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16
Q

What does a molecule need in order to be polar?

A

polar bonds and a net dipole moment

17
Q

How do you know if a molecule has polar bonds?

A

If the difference in electronegativity for the atoms in a bond is greater than 0.5

18
Q

What kind of bond is it when ∆electronegativity is below 0.5?

A

nonpolar covalent bond

19
Q

What kind of bond is it when ∆electronegativity is between 0.5 and 2?

A

polar covalent bond

20
Q

What kind of bond is it when ∆electronegativity is above 2?

A

fully polar

21
Q

Can a molecule be polar if it has no net dipole moment?

A

no

22
Q

Do PFAs molecules have net dipole moments?

A

no, therefore is nonpolar

23
Q

What does intramolecular mean?

A

within molecule

24
Q

What does intermolecular mean?

A

between molecules

25
Q

What are london dispersion forces?

A

attraction between two temporary, instantaneous, non-permanent dipoles (temporary)

26
Q

What is dipole-dipole attraction?

A

attraction between a partially positive portion of one molecule and partially negative portion of a different molecule

27
Q

What is the only interaction available for nonpolar molecules?

A

london dispersion forces

28
Q

How strong are london dispersion forces?

A

fleeting and weak

29
Q

How strong are dipole-dipole forces?

A

intermediate strength

30
Q

What kind of bond do you need for a dipole-dipole attraction to exist?

A

polar bond

31
Q

What will there be in a dipole-dipole attraction?

A

attraction or repulsion

32
Q

What is hydrogen bonding responsible for?

A

water behavior+properties

33
Q

What is a special case of dipole-dipole interaction?

A

hydrogen bonding

34
Q

What elements are reserved for hydrogen bonding?

A

when hydrogen is bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine

35
Q

How strong are hydrogen bonds?

A

strong interaction

36
Q

Are london dispersion forces intramolecular or intermolecular?

A

intramolecular

37
Q

Are hydrogen bondings intramolecular or intermolecular?

A

intermolecular

38
Q

Are dipole-dipole attractions intramolecular or intermolecular?

A

intermolecular

CHEM 1110 (24 decks)

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