poisons

Question 1

what to do with poison on the skin

Answer 1

reduce exposure
drench skin/clothes w water
cleanse thoroughly/dry

Question 2

with ____ ___ of the skin, wash with lg quantities of slow running water (unless dry), remove clothing, cover with clean loose soft cloth, avoid burn rx, use pesticide rx

Answer 2

chemical burns

Question 3

with poison in the eye, wash eye with water for ___ min, avoid chem/drugs, and cover the eye w clean cloth

Answer 3

15+ min

Question 4

with ___ poisons, do not enter the enclosed space w/o an air supplied respirator - carry pt to fresh air immediately, loosen tight clothing, keep calm

Answer 4

inhaled

Question 5

unless specif told by a poison ctrl or er provider, avoid this when the victim has ingested poison

Answer 5

make victim vomit (causes more dmg coming back up)

Question 6

unconcscious/delirious/convulsing pt
corrosive poisons
petroleum prods
sharp objects
camphor
tricyclic antidepressants
hydrocarbons
--are all:

Answer 6

contraindications to vomiting

Question 7

MC toxic exposure of all classes, 80% accidental in kids, more dangerous in adults

Answer 7

corrosive poisons (acid, alkali, batteries)

Question 8

poison type found in cleaning prods, dishwasher, ammonia containing
-causes liquefactive necrosis, may be helped by milk in first 30 min

Answer 8

corrosive ALKALIS

Question 9

poison found in cleaning prod, rust removal, auto bats

-causes coagulative necrosis, stomach and small bowel

Answer 9

corrosive ACIDS

Question 10

two ways to induce vomiting

Answer 10

ipecac + water

warm milk + salt/mustard

Question 11

to flush a hollow organ/system with water, only do when airway is protected by endotracheal tube

Answer 11

gastric lavage

Question 12

antidote that binds with toxins/drugs, can be used in comb with gastric lavage/catharsis but not with ipecac

Answer 12

activated charcoal

Question 13

two CATHARTICS used to speed removal of toxins from GI tract

• ____ in absence of heart failure
• __ __ in absence of renal failure

Answer 13

sorbitol

magnesium sulfate

Question 14

__ __ INCREASES urinary pH, decreases renal reabs of organic ACIDS (aspirin, phenobarb)
__ __ DECREASES urinary pH, decreases tub reabs of organic BASES (amphetamines)

Answer 14

sodium bicarbonate

ammonium chloride

Question 15

removes certain toxins and restores electrolyte balance that is effective for salicylate, methanol, ethylene glycol, paraquat, lithium poisonings

Answer 15

hemodialysis

Question 16

antidotes either ___ the poison by changing the chem nature, prevent ____, of ____ the effects by producting the opp phys action

Answer 16

neutralize
absorption
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