air pollutants 1

Question 1

pollutants, an injurious substance occurring in environment, is either absorbed into the blood (for ___), or elim by lungs (for ____)

Answer 1

gases

particulates

Question 2

CO, sulfur dioxide, NO, ozone, hydrocarbons are all ___, whereas silicate and asbestos are ____

Answer 2

gases

particulates

Question 3

MC cause of death from poisoning, is a component of auto exhaust, known as “great imitator”

Answer 3

CO

Question 4

CO is found in burning fumes/exhaust, and is the major pollutant in

Answer 4

tobacco smoke

Question 5

4 ddx of co

Answer 5

infx
depression
migraine/head injury
drug intox

Question 6

binding affinity of CO for hemoglobin is ___x higher than O2, therefore it decreases its O2 carrying capacity and directly inhibits

Answer 6

cytochrome oxidase

Question 7

end result of CO mechanism (2)

Answer 7

cellular hypoxia

chem asphyxiation

Question 8

CO damages the ___ quickly, and causes venous stagnation, edema, hemorrhage

Answer 8

brain

Question 9

in the CVS even low levels of CO can but serious to those with heart disease bc it damages the __ __ of vessels
-can aggravate mycardial infraction (4ppm)

Answer 9

tunica intima

Question 10

symptoms of CO poisoning, though pt can die before ever experiencing them

Answer 10

high HbCO

CHERRY RED skin/mucous

Question 11

tx of CO poisoning is the same as ____ of poisons - remove victim from source while following ABCDEs

Answer 11

inhilation

Question 12

if the pt has loss of consciousness, preg, end organ dmg, 50+, CO level > 25%, it is indicative to use __ __ tx

Answer 12

hyperbaric o2

Question 13

___ is in all raw material eg crude oil, coal, ore, therefore occupational exposure occurs in metal refining, chem manufacturing, wood pulp tx, cement manufact

Answer 13

sulfur

Question 14

___ gases are formed when fuels are burned

Answer 14

so2

Question 15

main source of SO2

Answer 15

electricity plants

Question 16

SO2 causes resp illness, heart and lung conditions, and contribs to formation of __ ___, which can be transported over long distances making it a global problem

Answer 16

acid rain

Question 17

SO2 is converted into acid on contact w/ wet mucus membrane, and most affects the

Answer 17

upper resp tract

Question 18

sharp odor/taste of SO2 is noticed at: ___ppm

Answer 18

1-5 ppm

Question 19

___ exposure of SO2 causes burning ENT, brochitis like symptoms, asthma and copd may worsen

Answer 19

acute

Question 20

___ injury occurs w/ oxposure to liquid SO2, and corneal necrosis/blindness can occur with __ exposure

Answer 20

frostbite

ocular

Question 21

since there is no antidote for SO2, must admit ____ ____, via humidified o2, irrigation, tx frostbite like thermal burn

Answer 21

supportive care