Poisonous Plants Flashcards

1
Q

Target system of cyanide

A

Blood –> bright red blood and hypoxia

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2
Q

Name target system: Johnson grass (Sorghum)

A

Blood –> cyanide

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3
Q

Name target system: Chokecherry

A

Blood –> cyanide

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4
Q

Name target system: Vetch

A

Blood –> cyanide

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5
Q

Name target system: Hydrangea

A

Blood –> cyanide

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6
Q

Target system of nitrate

A

Blood –> diminished oxygen carrying capacity

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7
Q

Name target system: Pigweed

A

Blood –> nitrate

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8
Q

Name target system: Nightshade

A

Blood –> nitrate
GI
Neuro

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9
Q

Name target system: Oat hay

A

Blood –> nitrate

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10
Q

Name target system: Sorghum

A

Blood –> nitrate

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11
Q

Name target system: Rye

A

Blood –> nitrate

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12
Q

Name target system: Alfalfa

A

Blood –> nitrate

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13
Q

Name target system: Oleander

A

Cardiac

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14
Q

Name target system: Foxglove

A

Cardiac

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15
Q

Name target system: Lily-of-the-valley

A

Cardiac

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16
Q

Name target system: Yew

17
Q

Name target system: Azalea (Rhododendron)

18
Q

Name target system: St. John’s wort

A

Skin (primary photosensitization)

19
Q

Name target system: Brassica spp

A

Liver (secondary photosensitization)

20
Q

Name target system: Groundsel (Senecio spp)

A

Liver (secondary photosensitization)

21
Q

Name target system: Crotalaria spp

A

Liver (secondary photosensitization)

22
Q

Name target system: Amsinckia intermedia

A

Liver (secondary photosensitization)

23
Q

Name target system: blue-green algae

A

Liver (secondary photosensitization)

24
Q

Name target system: Poison hemlock

25
Name target system: Lupine
Neuro --> sheep Teratogen (cattle) --> crooked calf syndrome
26
Name target system: Larkspur
Neuro --> nicotinic antagonist; neuromuscular blocker Can have bloat
27
Name target system: Bracken Fern
Neuro --> thiaminase leading to polioencephalomalacia Bone marrow suppression (ruminant) Carcinogen (ruminant)
28
Name target system: Black Walnut
Laminitis in horse
29
Name target system: Castor bean
Many signs --> v/d, muscle spasm, uremia, death, sweating + ataxia (horse), organ edema and damage
30
Name target system: Cottonseed
Cardiotoxic (young animals) --> gossypol Poor performance in adults
31
Name target system: Dumbcane
Mouth/head area: ptyalism, edematous swelling of tongue and lips, difficulty swallowing or breathing
32
Name target system: Locoweed
Many signs --> ataxia, hyperemtria, cracker heels (clicking of dewclaws), cp deficits, emphysema (sheep), abortions, teratogenesis
33
Name target system: Waterhemlock
Neuromuscular --> tetanic seizures, muscle twitching, salivation, coma, death
34
Name target system: Yellow Star Thistle
Neuro --> nigropallidal encephalomalacia aka Chewing disease in horses
35
Name target system: Perilla mint
Pulmonary --> pulmonary edema and pleural effusion, nasal discharge
36
Name target system: Western False Hellebore (Veratrum californium)
Teratogen in sheep Day 14 = cyclops
37
Name target system: White snakeroot
Horse: cardiac --> myocardial necrosis and CHF Cattle: neuromuscular --> ataxia, depression, muscle tremor, acetone breath
38
Name target system: Red maple
Blood --> RBC lysis in horse
39
Name target system: Ponderosa pine
Repro --> abortion of small calf and retained placenta