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PMLS 2 > POCT > Flashcards

POCT Flashcards

1
Q

Collection of samples that require special or additional collection procedures

A

○ BLOOD BANK SPECIMENS
○ BLOOD CULTURES
○ 2-HOUR POSTPRANDIAL GLUCOSE
○ GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST
○ DRUG SCREENING
○ BLOOD ALCOHOL SPECIMENS

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2
Q

Blood Banking is under

A

Immunohematology

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3
Q

BLOOD BANK SPECIMENS (IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY)

● Specimen Requirements

A

○ Lavender/Pink top tubes
○ Non-additive/clot activator tubes

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4
Q

A lot of the errors we commit as medical technologists occurs in __________

A

Blood Bank

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5
Q

Undetected error can lead to

A

fatalities

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6
Q

Most cases of blood bank procedures, the patient is ________.

A

admitted

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7
Q

Tests Performed in Blood Banking

A

○ Blood typing
○ Antibody screening and identification
○ Crossmatching

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8
Q
  • determine compatibility
A

Crossmatching

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9
Q

2 types of Crossmatching

A

■ Major cross-matching

■ Minor crossmatching

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10
Q

BLOOD CULTURES (MICROBIOLOGY)

● Detect

A

BACTEREMIA, SEPTICEMIA, and FUNGEMIA

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11
Q

Blood Cultures is under

A

Microbiology

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12
Q

Determine the presence and extent of infection in blood

A

BLOOD CULTURES (MICROBIOLOGY)

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13
Q

Determine antibiotic susceptibility

Necessary antibiotic to treat the infection

A

BLOOD CULTURES (MICROBIOLOGY)

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14
Q

Specimen Requirements in Blood Culture

____ to ____ blood cultures/ extractions are necessary to optimize the detection of bacteremia and fungemia

A

Two to four

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15
Q

When collecting specimen for blood culture , if patients are hard to draw, usually ___ is sufficient at different sites (left and right arm)

A

2

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16
Q

For blood cultures Specimens should be drawn ___ to ___ minutes apart

A

30 to 60 minutes

Right arm →wait→ Left arm

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17
Q

In blood cultures, if the patient is in critical condition or an antibiotic must be given right away, cultures should be drawn _________ and _________ from different sites

A

consecutively and immediately

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18
Q

○ The destruction of microorganisms on the skin

A

Skin Antisepsis

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19
Q

Skin Antisepsis: Require ___ - ___ second friction scrub

A

30-60

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20
Q

Antiseptic in Blood culture

A

Povidone-Iodine / Betadine

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21
Q

Blood culture: Cleanse with 70% alcohol, let dry, then apply______

A

Povidone

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22
Q

Difference in venipuyand blood culture

A

Antiseptic used
Amount/ volume collected
Cleanse the site after

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23
Q

Specimen Collection ○ Special bottles that contain nutrient broth

A

■ AEROBIC
■ ANAEROBIC

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24
Q

Blood culture: Infants and younger children
Volume to collect

A

■ 1-2 mL

25
Q

Blood culture for infants: ___ to __ % of total weight volume

A

1-4%

26
Q

Blood culture in adults: volume to be collected and its minimum amount

A

■ 20-30 mL

■ Minimum of 10 mL

27
Q

Cleanse the culture bottle stoppers while the site is drying.

Allow cotton to remain on top in order to prevent ambient _______ from contaminating the bottle

A

organisms

28
Q

Invert the bottle several times.

Sterile tubes-____ to ____ inversions

A

8-10x

29
Q

For patients that require surgery, are considered to be critically ill, or have cardiac problems

A

COAGULATION SPECIMENS

30
Q

COAGULATION SPECIMENS/ TESTS includes

A

PT and APTT

31
Q

Coagulation studies: Evacuated tube color

A

Light Blue Tubes (2nd)

32
Q

Light blue tube: additive and ratio

A

Sodium citrate
9:1

33
Q

PT and APTT

A

Prothrombin Time
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time

34
Q

Clear top with light blue stopper

A

CTAD tube

35
Q

CTAD

A

Citrate
theophylline
adenosine
dipyridamole

36
Q

○ More advantageous than sodium citrate
○ Inhibit thrombocyte activation between collection of the blood and performance of test
○ Selected platelet function
○ Routine coagulation determination

A

CTAD

37
Q

In coagulation studies/ specimen: It must be transported at ________ because heat may breakdown Factors ___ and ___

A

cold temperature
V and VII

38
Q

Volume for discard tubes

A

5ml

39
Q

Usually done for pregnant women.

A

2 - HOUR POSTPRANDIAL GLUCOSE

40
Q

2-hour postprandial glucose is usually done in pregnant women because there are conditions identify by physicians such as diabetes that usually occurs during pregnancy called

A

Gestational Diabetes

41
Q

2 - HOUR POSTPRANDIAL GLUCOSE

INSTRUCTIONS:

■ Patient is placed on a high __________ diet
■ __ to __ days prior to the test
■ The patients fasts ____ hours prior to the collection
■ (1) A fasting specimen will be collected
■ Patient will be instructed to eat a full meal after the first blood extraction
■ Another blood collection will be performed __ hours after consumption of the meal.

A

High carb diet
2-3 days prior
10 hours prior
2 hours after

42
Q

2-Hour postprandial glucose is under

A

Clinical Chemistry

43
Q

● Used to diagnose problems of carbohydrates metabolism

A

GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST

44
Q

Usually for the Gestational Diabetes, ________________ usually performed not the 2-hour postprandial glucose

A

glucose tolerance test

45
Q

Evaluates the body’s ability to metabolize glucose by monitoring the patient’s tolerance to high levels of glucose without adverse effects.

A

GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST

46
Q

Evaluates the insulin response to a measured dose of glucose by recording glucose levels on specimens collected at a specific time.

A

GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST

47
Q

GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST:

INSTRUCTIONS:

■ Patient will fast for _______ prior to testing .
■ Fasting sample will be collected and patients will be instructed to consume a drink with a specified concentration of _______ (50g, 70g, 100g)
■ A second blood collection will be done an ______ after the drink is consumed.
■ Third blood extraction will be necessary depending on the amount of glucose consumed.
■ In case the patient vomits out the glucose drink the whole procedure will be ________.

A

10 hours prior to testing
glucose
an hour after drink is consumed
repeated

48
Q

In glucose tolerance, patient will be extracted blood for _____ times

A

3 times

49
Q

DRUG SCREENING:

● Detects specific drugs for up to ___ different drugs

● Tests are performed on ___ rather than blood

A

30

urine

50
Q

Drug Screening: PATIENT PREPARATIONS

■ Explain the test purpose and procedure
■ Advise the patient of his or her legal rights
■ Obtain a witnessed, signed consent form
■ “For confirmatory test = used _____, & Drug screening = used _____”

A

blood

urine

51
Q

Drug Testing: SPECIAL COLLECTION REQUIREMENTS

■ A ______ area must be maintained for urine collection.
■ A _______ is required to be present at the time of collection to verify that the specimen came from the correct person.
■ A ____________ may be required for confirmation or parallel testing.
■ The specimen must be labeled appropriately to establish a chain of custody.
■ To avoid tampering, a specimen must be sealed and placed in a locked container during transport from the collection site to the testing site. Documentation must be carefully maintained from courier to receiver.

A

special
proctor
split sample

52
Q

● Not usually performed by the medical technologist.

It is usually done/ performed by

A

POINT OF CARE TESTING (POCT)

nurses

53
Q

Set of procedures done on the bedside of the patient

A

○ Alternate site testing
○ Ancillary testing
○ Bedside testing
○ Near patient testing

54
Q

Uses small, portable, and often handheld testing devices

A

POCT

55
Q

■ One of the most common POCT

A

Glucose Testing

56
Q

are small, portable, and relatively inexpensive.

A

POCT glucose analyzer/meters:

57
Q

Strips must be protected from excessive _____ and______

A

heat and moisture

58
Q

POCT: Other tests (Not commonly performed)

A

■ Electrolytes
■ Hemoglobin
■ Arterial Blood Gas

PMLS 2 (15 decks)

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