INTRODUCTION TO PHLEBOTOMY PT.2

Question 1

THREE PHASES OF THE TESTING PROCESS

Answer 1

Pre-Analytic Phase
ANalytic Phase
Post-Analytic Phase

Question 2

Everything that happens before the actual testing of the samples.

Answer 2

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION

Question 3

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION
○ Contained all the information that we need to know about the patient and the test that’s being requested by the Physician.
○ Allows us to prepare the necessary materials or equipment that we need during collection.

Answer 3

Clinical request

Question 4

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION
○ Asking the patient to state his name
○ Checking the patients coherent or not or under the influence of alcohol or
intoxicated.
○ If the patient is unconscious you can check the wristband for the identification and confirm with the watcher and nurse or doctor on duty.

Answer 4

Patient ID and information

Question 5

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION
○ If you need blood, collect through venipuncture or peripheral or skin puncture or capillary puncture.
○ If you need a urine analysis, ask the patient to submit a urine sample.
○ The quality of the result is as good as the quality of the sample that has been processed.

Answer 5

Correct sample collection

Question 6

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION
○ If your equipment is reusable, clean it after using it.

Answer 6

Correct use of all equipment

Question 7

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION

○ When you receive the samples, check the container for leaks, if it’s a proper container for sample.
○ Check the request form if both the container label and the request form
have the same information and if they do have the same information make sure to attach matching accession numbers are given to all samples that enter the lab.

Answer 7

Sample preparation

Question 8

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION

○ Centrifugation alligator preparation and sample evaluation are included in this part.
○ Remember to follow the prescribed protocol for preparing each type of
specimen.
○ Evaluate the quality and the quantity of samples by checking the container number of volume.

Answer 8

Proper preparation of sample aliquot

Question 9

A. PRE - ANALYTIC / PRE EXAMINATION
When there is a delay in testing it is necessary to store and preserve the samples to avoid erroneous results.This is where we maintain the integrity of the samples.

Answer 9

Maintaining sample integrity until the examination process can begin

Question 10

In collecting the urine make sure that at least __-__th’s of the bottle is filled.

Answer 10

3 - 4

Question 11

_______________ are not stable; they start to disintegrate or decompose once taken out of the body.

Answer 11

Biological specimens

Question 12

Common storage is done at the refrigerator temperature of about to __°C .

Answer 12

8

Question 13

Usually when the delay is just within 1 - 2 hrs, optimal preservation can be
done at freezing temperatures about ___ to ___ °C. However it depends on the type of specimen and test that will be done on the samples.

Answer 13

-18 to -20

Question 14

T or F| For microbiological tests like culture especially if the sample
is csf and you’re trying to look for organisms that cause meningitis do not refrigerate or freeze the samples, bacterial organisms are very sensitive to
cold temperatures especially those that cause meningitis so they’ll die.

Answer 14

T

Question 15

If retrieving or isolating viruses then ________ them would be the
best option also it depends on the sample the organism that you’re trying to find.

Answer 15

freezing

Question 16

B. ANALYTIC / EXAMINATION PHASE
○ Check the expiration dates for the reagents.
○ Check the labels before putting them into those containers that you’re using.

Answer 16

Sample Testing

Question 17

B. ANALYTIC / EXAMINATION PHASE
○ Practice preventive maintenance for all the lab machines so this means do not tire out your machines.
○ Also check that a lot of machines would require air conditioning so the aircon in the lab is not really turned off because of the machines that are there that costs millions of pesos they would require a cool dry place to keep them running.

Answer 17

Maintaining testing equipment and reagents

Question 18

They do _____ tests because this is really helpful in determining
the performance of the machines or the reagents.

Answer 18

QC - Quality Control

Question 19

C. POST - ANALYTIC / POST-EXAMINATION
Results that are generated during the testing are meant to be reported or
released only to people or to the patient himself or an authorized person you know sent by the patient or the Physician.

Answer 19

Reporting of results

Question 20

C. POST - ANALYTIC / POST-EXAMINATION
We do not discard the samples right away; we allow at least about 24 hours before disposal because there are times when repeat testing is necessary.

Answer 20

Ensuring the accuracy and reliability of results

Question 21

C. POST - ANALYTIC / POST-EXAMINATION
When we process samples with problems we do repeat testing.

Answer 21

Follow - up repeat testing or address

Question 22

C. POST - ANALYTIC / POST-EXAMINATION
Storage may be done at room temperature about 22 to 25°C and then
rough temperature or freezing temperature depending on what is appropriate.

Answer 22

Storage of samples after the examination

Question 23

T or F| We are allowed to interpret the results for the patient

Answer 23

F