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PMLS 2 > PHLEBOTOMY TECHNIQUES > Flashcards

PHLEBOTOMY TECHNIQUES Flashcards

1
Q

STEP 1:

A

Prepare accessioning order
for the patient

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2
Q

STEP 2

A

Greet and identify the patient

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3
Q

STEP 3

A

Verify diet/drug restrictions and allergies

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4
Q

STEP 4

A

Wash hands, assemble supplies, and inspect equipment.

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5
Q

STEP 5

A

Reassure the patient.

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6
Q

STEP 6

A

Position the patient.

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7
Q

STEP 7

A

Verify paperwork and tubes.

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8
Q

STEP 8

A

Apply the tourniquet.

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9
Q

STEP 9

A

Cleanse the venipuncture site.

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10
Q

STEP 10

A

Put on gloves.

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11
Q

STEP 11

A

Perform the venipuncture.

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12
Q

STEP 12

A

Fill the tubes in the correct order of draw or fill the syringe.

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13
Q

STEP 13

A

Remove the tourniquet

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14
Q

STEP 14

A

Dispose of sharps in the proper container.

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15
Q

STEP 15

A

If a syringe was used, fill the tubes using a transfer device in the correct order of draw.

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16
Q

STEP 16

A

Label the tubes.

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17
Q

STEP 17

A

Chill the sample or protect it from light (only for certain tests).

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18
Q

STEP 18

A

Remove gloves.

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19
Q

STEP 19

A

Check on the status of the patient for reactions to phlebotomy.

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20
Q

STEP 20

A

Eliminate diet restrictions.

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21
Q

STEP 21

A

Time-stamp or computer-verify paperwork.

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22
Q

STEP 22

A

Send the correctly labeled tubes to the proper laboratory departments.

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23
Q
  • Always be polite and friendly
    -The reputation of the entire laboratory rests with the phlebotomist
    -Always introduce yourself to the patient with your first name and the procedure you will perform.
A

SOCIAL SKILLS

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24
Q
  • Used constantly and contribute to the most errors in the health setting
    -Drawing the correct patient’s blood and labeling it with the patient’s name
A

ADMINISTRATIVE/CLERICAL SKILLS

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25
Q

Obtaining blood successfully with minimal pain

A

TECHNICAL SKILL

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26
Q

Venipuncture
Capillary puncture
Butterfly collection
Arterial samples

A

TECHNICAL SKILL

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27
Q

Blood collection legally begin with the__________

A

test request

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28
Q

Requested by physicians and other qualified health personnel

A

ACCESSIONING ORDER FOR THE PATIENT

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29
Q

3 TYPES OF REQUISITION

A

MANUAL REQUISITION
COMPUTER REQUISITION
BAR-CODE REQUISITION

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30
Q

Written requests/checkists
Given to phlebotomists
(in-patients) or to the patient (out-patient)

A

Manual Requisition

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31
Q

Eliminates legibility errors

A

Computer Requisitions

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32
Q

-Series of black stripes and white spaces with varying widths that corresponds to letters and numbers
-Grouped together to represent patient names, identification numbers, and laboratory tests
-Can be peeled of and placed on specimens

A

Bar-code Requisitions

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33
Q

-A number to identify all paperwork and supplies associated with each patient
-Can be used to trace back that sample and patient

A

ACCESSION NUMBER

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34
Q

IT INCLUDES TEST REQUISITION, ACCESSION ORDER AND RECEIPT OF THE REQUEST

A

STEP 1: PREPARE ACCESSIONING ORDER FOR THE PATIENT

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35
Q

-Gains the patient’s trust
-Decreases the patient’s anxiety
-Improve patient compliance
-Must be done in a positive manner
-A way to create a personal connection with the patient

A

GREETING THE PATIENT

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36
Q

Allow the patient to state their ________ and _________

A

full name; birthdate

37
Q

The receipt of the request is a computerized print-out given to the phlebotomist by who?

A

In-patients

38
Q

The receipt of the request is a request slips with test orders and are responsible in taking them to the phlebotomy area by who?

A

Out-patients

39
Q

Lab personnel must ensure that all required
information is in the ____________

A

request

40
Q

HOW TO REVIEW THE REQUISITION? CVID

A

Check
Verify
Identify
Determine

41
Q

For patient identification, allow the patient to state their __________________

A

full name and birthdate

42
Q

For in-patient identification, check the identification ___________.

A

Bracelets

43
Q

In introducing yourself as phlebotomist, you need to state your ________ and ________.

A

name; reason

44
Q

obtaining consent from the patient is ____________.

A

legally required

45
Q

Consent may be given _________

A

verbally/actions

46
Q

Fasting takes _________hours

A

8-12

47
Q

Drugs may _____results

A

alter

48
Q

Collection ____ is specified so that enough time
has passed since the last medication dose was
given

A

time

49
Q

Exposure to latex can trigger ________________________
reactions in those allergic to it.

A

life-threatening

50
Q

are usually put on after hands were
cleaned or it can be done after cleansing the
venipuncture site

A

gloves

51
Q

Choose the collection system, needle size, and
tube volume according to the?

A
  • age of the patient
  • size and location of the vein
  • amount of blood to be collected
52
Q

To inspect the equipment check for ___________________ of evacuated tubes, __________, verify the ___________ of two-way needles, syringe, butterfly infusion set, and lancet. Move the plunger of the syringe _______________
a few times to ensure that it moves freely

A

expiration dates; breakage; sterility; back and forth

53
Q

In POSITIONING THE PATIENT, Patients must be _________________________ position

A

seated or reclined

54
Q

Because of the possibility of fainting, a patient
should never be _______________ or seated on a high
or backless stool during blood collection

A

standing

55
Q

A phlebotomist who lowers a
bed rail and forgets to raise it can be
held__________ if the patient falls out of bed and is injured.

A

liable

56
Q

TOURNIQUET Must never be left on arm for more than a ______

A

minute

57
Q

If the tourniquet is too tight, may prevent _____________________blood flow
into the area and result in failure to obtain
blood

A

arterial

58
Q

STEPS IN TOURNIQUET (STATE IT IN ORDER)
- While holding the ends tight, tuck one portion
of the tourniquet under the other.
- Check that the tourniquet will not come loose.
The ends of the tourniquet should be pointed
upward. Feel for the vein.
- Wrap the tourniquet around the arm 3 to 4
inches above the venipuncture site
- Stretch the tourniquet tight, and cross the ends

A
  1. Wrap the tourniquet around the arm 3 to 4
    inches above the venipuncture site
  2. Stretch the tourniquet tight, and cross the ends
  3. While holding the ends tight, tuck one portion
    of the tourniquet under the other.
  4. Check that the tourniquet will not come loose.
    The ends of the tourniquet should be pointed
    upward. Feel for the vein.
59
Q

To locate a vein, palpate (examine by touch or
feel) the area by pushing down on the skin with
the tip of the _____ finger

A

index

60
Q

To avoid inadvertently puncturing an artery,
never select a vein that overlies or is close to
where you feel a _____.

A

pulse

61
Q

VEINS USED TO DRAW BLOOD CAN BE?

A

● Upper bend of the arm
○ MEDIAN CUBITAL
○ CEPHALIC
○ BASILIC
● Back of the hand
● Wrist
● Ankle or foot

62
Q

SITES TO AVOID

A

● Edematous arms
● Arms in casts
● Arms with IVs
● Cannulas
● Fistulas
● Areas of scarring
● Side of mastectomy

63
Q

_____________alcohol or prepackage alcohol
swabs.

A

70% isopropyl

64
Q

GLOVES CAN BE

A

latex or vinyl

65
Q

OSHA regulations require that gloves be worn
_______ phlebotomy procedures.

A

during

66
Q

Always wash your hands ____ removing
gloves.

A

after

67
Q

The ___________________ hand is used to anchor
(secure firmly) the vein while the collection
equipment is held and the needle inserted
using the _______ hand.

A

non-dominant; dominant

68
Q

If you enter too slowly, blood will ____________ at the
puncture site creating a biological hazard as
well as obstructing your view of the puncture
site.

A

leak out

69
Q

When you sense the ___________ or recognize the
lessening of resistance signaling that the
needle is in the vein, stop advancing it and
securely anchor the tube holder or syringe.

A

“pop”

70
Q

Position the needle in the same direction as the
vein, enter the skin, and penetrate the vein at a
__________________ angle in one swift, smooth motion to
decrease the patient’s discomfort.

A

15-30°

71
Q

ORDER OF DRAW

A

● STOP: Sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)
● LIGHT: Citrate
● RED: Non-additive
● STAY: Serum separator tube (SST)
● PUT: Plasma separating tube (PST)
● GREEN: Heparin
● LIGHT: EDTA
● GO: Sodium fluoride or Potassium oxalate

72
Q

Release the tourniquet and ask the patient to
release the ____ as soon as blood flows freely into
the first ETS tube or is established in the
syringe.

A

fist

73
Q

Tourniquet must be removed before removing
the_______________________ from the arm and apply pressure

A

needle

74
Q

Failure to remove the
tourniquet following venipuncture can
cause temporary or permanent injury
to the patient and is an act of
_________________________.

A

NEGLIGENCE

75
Q

As soon as you remove the needle and apply
pressure activate the _______________________________

A

safety device

76
Q

As soon as the needle safety device is activated
dispose of the entire assembly in a ____________
sharps container.

A

biohazard

77
Q

TRANSFER DEVICE
○ similar to an ETS holder but has a
_________________attached needle inside.

A

permanently

77
Q

TRANSFER DEVICE
○ similar to an ETS holder but has a
_________________attached needle inside.

A

permanently

78
Q

When the transfer is complete, the syringe and
transfer device are discarded in a sharps
container as a _____________________.

A

single unit

79
Q

LABELING OF TUBES

A

● Patient’s first and last names
● Patient’s identification number (inpatient) or
date of birth (outpatient)
● Date and time of collection
● Phlebotomist’s initials
● Pertinent additional information, such as
“fasting”
● Tubes must be labeled in the presence of the
patient immediately after blood collection,
never before

80
Q

If using a preprinted computer or bar-code
label, you will need to write the ____, ____, your
________, and other pertinent information on the
label immediately before or after attaching it to
the tube.

A

date, time, initials

81
Q

Before leaving an inpatient, compare the
information on each _______ with the
patient’s ID band and the requisition

A

labeled tube

82
Q

Place specimens that must be cooled (e.g.,
ammonia) in crushed___________________.

A

ice slurry

83
Q

Put specimens that must be kept at body
temperature (e.g., cold agglutinin) in a _____,
heat block or other suitable warming device

A

37°C

84
Q

Wrap specimens that require protection from
light (e.g., bilirubin) in _____________________ or other
light-blocking material or place them in a
light-blocking container

A

aluminum foil

85
Q

IN CHECKING PATIENTS CONDITIONS, PATIENT REACTIONS INCLUDE

A

● PAIN
● NERVE DAMAGE
● SYNCOPE
● NAUSEA
● DIABETIC SHOCK
● CONVULSIONS
● CARDIAC ARREST
● CONTINUED BLEEDING
● HEMATOMA
● SKIN ALLERGIES
● ANEMIA

86
Q

Patient is now allowed to eat or administer
medication may now take place AFTER THE _____ PROCEDURE

A

Phlebotomy

87
Q

Prompt delivery to the laboratory protects
specimen _______

A

integrity

88
Q

Sample transport can be done by

A

○ personal delivery
○ pneumatic tube system
○ arranged pickup by a courier service

PMLS 2 (15 decks)

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