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PMLS 2 > INTRODUCTION TO PHLEBOTOMY > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO PHLEBOTOMY Flashcards

1
Q

The process of extracting blood

A

Phlebotomy

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2
Q

Phlebotomy is from the 2 Greek words:

A

Phlebos and temnein

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3
Q

phlebos

A

vein

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4
Q

temnein

A

to cut

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5
Q

Originally pertained to blood collection in
the veins

A

phlebotomy

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6
Q

In modern times, phlebotomy refers to all types of blood collection. What are the blood collection types?

A

Venipuncture, arterial puncture, skin/ capillary puncture

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7
Q

T or F| Today, Phlebotomy is not focused on therapeutic value, but more on its diagnostic purpose

A

True

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8
Q

Performed by doctors back then whenever someone was sick
■ Patients were expected to recover from sickness using the technique

A

Bloodletting

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9
Q

Bloodletting was traced far back into the _____ Age

A

Stone Age

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10
Q

During the Stone Age they used _____ to bleed out

A

stones

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11
Q

______ and _____ were also collected aside from blood
■ For examination of what is ailing the patient

A

Urine and feces

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12
Q

Bloodletting, they thought to rid the body of disease and provide a cure for almost all diseases

A

Egypt

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13
Q

___ century: Barber Surgeons

A

12th century

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14
Q

In the 12th century, bloodletting was practiced by ______

A

Barbers

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15
Q

Barber Surgeons Pole symbol: Red

A

Blood

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16
Q

Barber Surgeons Pole symbol: White

A

Tourniquet

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17
Q

Barber Surgeons Pole symbol: Pole

A

Stick grasped by the patient to assist in dilating the veins

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18
Q

Barber Surgeons Pole tools of the trade:

A

■ Simple syringes
■ Lancets
■ Bloodletting fleams
■ Bleeding bowls

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19
Q

2 Ancient methods of bloodletting

A

Venesection
Cupping

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20
Q

A. From cut or lacerated veins
B. Most common
C. Sharp, lancet-type instrument

A

Venesection

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21
Q
  1. The process of cutting the vein
  2. Done when sick to reduce fevers
A

Lancing

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22
Q

A. From small cuts on the skin at the back
1. Multiple blades to make wounds/ scratches
B. Blood collected using suction
C. Using heated glass cups to form a vacuum

A

Cupping

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23
Q

Cupping is now known as…

A

Ventosa

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24
Q

1st US President
He had a severe case of throat infection

A

George Washington

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25
Q

George Washington lost more than ____ pints or ____ liters of blood in less than 24hrs

A

9 pints or 4 liters

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26
Q

George Washington died _____

A

December 14, 1799

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27
Q

Golden Era of Scientists

A

Mid 19th Century

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28
Q

■ Microorganisms caused fermentation and disease
■ Saved the beer, wine, and silk industries

A

Louis Pasteur

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29
Q

Originated the process of pasteurization

A

Louis Pasteur

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29
Q

■ Developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies

A

Louis Pasteur

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30
Q

One of the founders of modern epidemiology

A

John Snow

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31
Q

Traced a cholera outbreak in London

A

John Snow

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32
Q

Foundational philosopher of modern nursing

A

Florence Nightingale

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33
Q

Her advocacy to maintain a clean environment to help reduce mortality rate

A

Florence Nightingale

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34
Q

Discovered the major blood groups A, B, & O

A

Karl Landsteiner

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35
Q

Developed the ABO system of blood typing

A

Karl Landsteiner

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36
Q

Scientific name of leeches

A

Hirudo medicinalis

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37
Q

European medicinal leech

A

Hirudo medicinalis

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38
Q

Hirudo medicinalis produces substances with therapeutic benefits:

A

■ Anticoagulants
■ Anti-inflammatory
■ Anesthetic
■ Thrombolytic
■ Anti-edematous
■ Bacteriostatic
■ Has blood and lymph circulation-enhancing properties

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39
Q

● Detection of abnormalities and diseases
● Obtain blood for diagnostic purposes and to monitor prescribed treatment
● Remove blood for transfusions at a blood bank/ donor center

A

Phlebotomy today

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40
Q

Remove blood for therapeutic purposes, such as
treatment for ___________

A

polycythemia vera (PCV)

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41
Q

In the treament for PCV ______ mL of blood is extracted

A

500mL

42
Q

Phlebotomy is also for treatment/ relieving symptoms of hereditary ___________

A

hemochromatosis

42
Q

Disorder where the body builds up too much iron on skin, heart, liver, pancreas ___________

A

hemochromatosis

43
Q

Two types of phlebotomy that Medical Techs can perform:

A

Venipuncture
Capillary puncture

44
Q

Med Techs are not allowed to perform _________ puncture

A

arterial

45
Q

Collect blood for accurate and reliable test results
○ Represents the Laboratory
■ Uphold appropriate attitude

A

Phlebotomist

46
Q

Has direct contact with the patient
Correct procedure must be performed to ensure the quality of the sample obtained

A

Phlebotomist

47
Q

Done purely by Phlebotomist

A

Centralized Phlebotomy

48
Q

Blood collection is done purely by the Phlebotomist, by batch if needed, depending on the bulk of patients in line for extraction

A

Centralized Phlebotomy

49
Q

○ Other certified or trained healthcare workers can perform, shared responsibility
○ More people are collecting blood samples during BUSY TIMES
○ Everyone who has contact with the patient needs to be multiskilled
○ The nurse needs to learn how to collect blood samples, and the Phlebotomist needs to learn some of the nursing duties

A

Decentralized Phlebotomy

50
Q

Decentralized Phlebotomy: ___%

A

15

51
Q

Centralized Phlebotomy: ___%

A

85

52
Q

2 Future of Phlebotomy

A

Infrared vein finder
Robotic Phlebotomist

53
Q

Eliminates cases of blind shooting

A

Infrared vein finder

54
Q

Losing track of the vein once the needle is inserted

A

Blind shooting

55
Q

Accuracy of Robotic Phlebotomist

A

98-100%

56
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
People who run the hospital but
are not directly involved with the
patients

A

Administration

57
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Responsible for monitoring patients with cardiovascular disease
Also known as a Heart station

A

Electrocardiography/ EKG

58
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Area for diagnosing neurophysiological disorders

A

Electroencephalography

59
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Responsible for trash/ waste management.
Collection, delivery, storage, disposal

A

Environmental services

60
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:

A
61
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:

A
62
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Responsible for the food of the inpatients

A

Food service
(Dietary)

63
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Not in the Philippines
Endoscopies happen in the ER or the patient’s room and samples are delivered to a Clinical laboratory instead

A

GI laboratory

64
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Where to retrieve records

A

Medical Records

65
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
An important aspect of distinguished medical care*

A

Nursing services

66
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Therapy dealing with fine motor skills*

A

Occupational Therapy

67
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Where medicine can be dispensed or procured*

A

Pharmacy

68
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Therapy to restore mobility to those who have trouble moving
Example: someone suffering from a stroke

A

Physical Therapy

69
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
X-rays, CT Scan, MRI

A

Radiology

70
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Therapy to evaluate lung function

A

Respiratory Therapy

71
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Therapy for those with speech or language problems*
A scarce occupation in the Philippines

A

Speech therapy

72
Q

A. ANCILLARY HOSPITAL AREAS:
Where health workers get fresh beddings, linens
Collect cotton, gauze pads, etc.

A

Central Supply

73
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Takes care of patients who has had heart attacks/ myocardial infarction
Also for those who had treatment involving their heart
i.e. open-heart surgeries

A

Coronary Care Unit

74
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Busiest area of the hospital

A

Emergency Department

75
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Senior citizen care

A

Geriatric

76
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Providing appropriate household and personal care tasks*

A

Home Health Care

77
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Where the seriously ill receive specialized care
Intensive monitoring and advanced life support

A

Intensive Care Unit

78
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
The nursery

A

Neonatal

79
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Deals with the kidney

A

Nephrology

80
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Deals with the nervous system

A

Neurology

81
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period

A

Obstetrics

82
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Deals with cancer

A

Oncology

83
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Deals with bones

A

Orthopedics

84
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Deals with children

A

Pediatrics

85
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Where patients from surgery are placed before returning to their respective room

A

Recovery

86
Q

B. AREAS OF NURSING AND TYPE OF CARE
Also called the Operating Room (OR)

A

Surgery

87
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Office of Chief Med Tech
Office of the Head of the Laboratory/ Pathologist

A

Administration

88
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
● First area that the patient comes across
● Where to submit samples and receives results

A

Receiving and Releasing Area

89
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Blood collection area with the special seat

A

Phlebotomy

90
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
● One of the busiest areas because CBC is the most common test requested
● Where blood samples are processed

A

Hematology

91
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
● Busy area where samples are processed for FBS, electrolytes, liver function tests

A

Clinical Chemistry

92
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
HIV tests are performed here

A

Immunology and Serology

93
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Also known as the Urinalysis and Parasitology department
Urine and stool samples are processed

A

Clinical Microscopy

94
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Where culture and sensitivity are performed to identify microbial agents

A

Microbiology

95
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
● Are separated from the general lab
● Also find here the office of the pathologist
● Processes human samples such as organs and tissues
● Immunohistochemistry also performed

A

Histopathology

96
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Compatibility tests and blood storage

A

Blood Banking

97
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Perform tests to identify genetic abnormalities

A

Cytogenetics

98
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
● Process samples that may contain cells carrying signs of malignancy
● Pap smears
● Part of Histopathology in the Philippines

A

Cytology

99
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
PCRs & RTPCR machines, Vortex machines

A

Molecular diagnostics

100
Q

C. LABORATORY SECTIONS
● Originally part of Hematology
● Perform tests to identify bleeding problems
● Cutting time/ bleeding time

A

Coagulation

101
Q

4 Newly added areas in the laboratory

A

Cytogenetics
Cytology
Molecular Diagnostics
Coagulation

PMLS 2 (15 decks)

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