PNEUMONIA Flashcards
How is pneumonia classified
According to;
1) Etiology
2) Pathology
3) Environment
4) Severity
5) Clinical manifestations
6) Duration
Types According to etiology
Bacterial
Viral
Fungal
Mycoplasma
Protozoa
Non infective
Types According to pathology
Lobar
Lobular (Bronchopneumonia)
Interstitial
Types According to environment
Community acquired
Hospital acquired
Types According to severity
Mild
Severe
Types According to clinical manifestations
Typical
Atypical
Types According to duration
Acute <1 month
Persistent 1-3months
Chronic >3 months
Types of non infective pneumonia
Inhalation/ Aspiration Pneumonia
Eosinophilic Pneumonia Allergic Pneumonia
Common causes of Pneumonia under 5yrs
Virus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Staphylococcus aureus
Hemophilus influenza
Common causes if Pneumonia above 5yrs
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Influenza virus
Clinical manifestations
Fever
Cough
Fixed rales
Tachypnea
Cyanosis
Poor appetite
Risk Factors of pneumonia in children
Immunosuppression (malnutrition/ HIV)
Prematurity
Socioeconomic factors (poverty, crowding, pollution)
Congenital anomaly of bronchi
Cystic fibrosis
Inhaled foreign body
Clinical manifestations of severe pneumonia
Respiratory Failure
Toxic myocarditis
Heart Failure
Hypoxic encephalopathy
GI bleeding
Frequent vomiting & diarrhea
Loss of appetite
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Pulmonary complications of pediatrics pneumonia
Empyema
Pyopneumothorax
Pneumatocele
Bronchiectasis
Pulmonary abscess
Extrapulmonary complications of pediatrics pneumonia
Meningitis
Brain Abscess
Pericarditis
Endocarditis
Osteomyelitis
Arthritis
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
