HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY Flashcards
What is HIE
HIE is an encephalopathy caused by perinatal asphyxia. HIE happens
primarily on term infant.
Major causes of HIE
Neonatal Asphyxia
Difference btn HIE & Neonatal Asphyxia
Categories of the Risk Factors of HIE
PREPARTUM/ ANTEPARTUM FACTORS
INTRAPARTUM FACTORS
POSTPARTUM FACTORS
Antepartum Risk Factors of HIE
Placental Anomalies
Maternal condition
Congenital Infection
Intrapartum Risk Factors of HIE
Traumatic delivery
Impaired placental perfusion
Abnormal maternal oxygenation
Umbilical cord circulation impairment
C section under anesthesia
Postpartum/ Fetal Risk Factors of HIE
Congenital heart defects
Respiratory Distress syndrome
Aspiration Pneumonia
Persistent pulmonary hypertension
Severe prematurity
Sepsis
What Maternal condition can cause HIE
Examples of traumatic delivery risk Factors for HIE
Prolonged labor
Shoulders dystocia
Breeched birth
Umbilical cord compression
Vacuum assisted Delivery
Stages of Brain damage during HIE
1) Primary intracellular energy Failure
2) Latent period
3) Secondary intracellular Energy Failure
Classifications of HIE according to SARNAT CRITERIA
Mild
Moderate
Severe
General symptoms of HIE
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Cyanosis
Abnormal Blood pressure
Generalized hypotonia
Depressed deep tendon reflex
Absent Neonatal reflexes
Diagnosis of HIE
APGAR score > 5
ABG & pH of umbilical cord artery
Brain MRI & Ultrasound
EEG
Treatment for HIE
Therapeutic hypothermia
Ventilation
Symptom treatment
Check vitals
Glucose @3ml/kg
Maintain perfusion
Anterpartum Maternal risk Factors
Maternal Diabetes
Preeclampsia
Hypotension
Congestive heart Failure
Anemia
Trauma
Drug & alcohol abuse
Nutrition
