PNE 141 Exam Review Flashcards
What is the insignia of nursing that represents the warmth of caring, symbolizes the striving for excellence and the energy and commitment of the nurse to care for others?
Lamp of Learning
What word is derived from the Latin word which means to nourish?
Nurse
Based on mythical figures, the _______ __ _______ and the ___________ are modern symbols of medicine?
Staff of Aesculapius; Caduceus
Who is known as the father of medicine?
Hippocrates
What term is used for treating the person as a whole?
Holistic
During the crusades most nursing care was done by _______?
male military personnel
During the Reformation (1500s-1800s;Dark Ages of Nursing), the few women that provided nursing care were _________ or ___________?
prisoners; prostitutes
Who established the Kaiserswerth School for Nursing (1836)?
Pastor Theodor Fleidner
Who was the most famous student at the Kaiserswerth School for Nursing?
Florence Nightingale
During the Crimean War, Florence Nightingale and 38 other nurses insisted on establishing _________ ________ and providing ________ _________ _______, which reduced the mortality rate?
sanitary conditions; quality nursing care
Who founded the American Red Cross?
Clara Barton
Name an attribute required to be a nurse?
A strong sense of responsibility; highest standards of integrity.
What was one of the original responsibilities of nurses?
Managing nutrition and diet
Florence Nightingale was born in _______ in 1820 to wealthy English parents
Italy
Nightingale started the first training school at St.Thomas Hospital in __________?
London
What are the various names of the “Nightingale Lamp”?
Lamp of Learning; Lamp of Nursing
Who founded the school of nursing at John Hopkins University?
Isabel Hampton Robb
Who continued to care for the sick when nursing was considered menial?
Florence Nightingale
Who organized the school of nursing at Massachusetts General Hospital?
Melinda Ann Richards
Who founded American Public health nursing?
Lillian Wald
Which 3 nursing programs were established on the basis of the Nightingale plan?
Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing, New York; Connecticut Training School in New Haven; and Boston Training School at Massachusetts General Hospital
Which factors create a need for more healthcare services in the public sector?
homelessness; unemployment; underemployment; lack of health insurance; devastating diseases, such as AIDS or Tuberculosis
What is the importance of nursing uniforms?
Easily identifiable and distinguishable from other staff
What religious symbols are represented on nursing pins?
A cross (Maltese cross) and the star of David
What was the impact of WW1 on nursing?
Marked the first emergency training of nurses; The Army School of Nursing was established, Annie W Goodrich (1876-1955) wrote the cirriculum. Hundreds of women were trained in this program.
Which individual established the first geriatric facility?
Saint Helena
What course can be pursued in the (YWCA) Young Women’s Christian Association?
A 3 month program to train women in simple nursing care
Which change did the Greeks bring about in the field of nursing?
Hospitals or Hostels were set up to care for the sick
When caring for a patient with a chronic disease in the home why should the nurse put greater emphasis on teaching the client and family?
Family members may need to operate sophisticated equipment.
During which war did the first emergency training of nurses occur?
World War 1
What has been the most influential among the latest nursing trends?
Changes in nursing education; limitations on payment for healthcare; Lifestyle factors and greater life expectancy
A/P
Anterior/Posterior
approx.
Approximately
ARC
Aids Related Complex
ARDS
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
ASA
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)
ASCVD
Arteriosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
ASHD
Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease
Asst.
Assist/Assistant
As Tol.
As Tolerated
A.V. Node
Atrioventricular Node
Ax
Axilla/Axillary
Ap
Apical
ACLS
Advanced Cardiac Life Support
AJN
American Journal of Nursing
ANA
American Nursing Association
AD
Right Ear
AS
Left Ear
AU
Both Ears
The _______ assistant is trained academically and clinically to practice medicine under the supervision of a doctor of medicine or osteopathy.
(PA) Physicians Assistant
A nursing theory that focused importance of nurses aiding clients to meet or return to meeting their self care needs was developed by theorist ___________ ________?
Dorthea Orem
The national organization that focuses on advancing “excellence in nursing education” for all nurses is known as the ________
(NLN) National League for Nursing
The _______ assistant, under the direction of a physician, performs duties in the front/back medical office or clinic?
Medical Assistant
The LV/LPN works under the direct or indirect supervision of a healthcare provider, such as a physician, dentist, podiatrist or a/an _______
(RN) Registered Nurse
Who documents clients care and client response?
Communicator
Who assists clients in understanding their rights and responsibilities?
Advocate
Who advises clients in learning about their medications and healthcare at home?
Teacher
Who helps clients achieve a maximum level of wellness?
Care provider
What is the role of a nurse as a student?
Bring certain knowledge, skills, attitudes and abilities to their nursing program.
What are the key program areas listed as crucial to nursing by the International Council for Nursing (ICN)?
Professional nursing practice with a focus on an international classification of nursing practice (ICNP); regulation of standards of nursing; socioeconomic welfare for nurses
What is the purpose of the NALPN
to provide standards of nursing care, promote continued post-licensure education and certification, and interpret the role and function of the LV/LPN.
Are there any states where a nurse can practice without a license?
NO
BBB
Bundle Branch Block
BCLS
Basic Cardiac Life Support
BCP
Birth Control Pills
B.E.
Barium Enema
bid
Twice a Day
BKA
Below Knee Amputation
BM
Bowel Movement
BMR
Basal Metabolic Rate
B.P.
Blood Pressure
BPH
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
BRP
Bathroom Privilages
BSE
Breast Self Exam
BSO
Bilateral Salping-oophorectomy
BTL
Bilateral Tubal Ligation
BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen
b/w
Between
Bx
Biopsy
C
Centigrade
_
c
With
C1,C2,etc.
First Cervical Vertebrae, Second Cervical Vertebrae, etc
Ca
Calcium
CA
Cancer
CABG
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
CAD
Coronary Artery Disease
cap
Capsule
cath
Catheter/Catheterized
CBC
Complete Blood Count
C/C
Chief Complaint
cc
Cubic Centimeter
CCU
Coronary Care Unit
CDC
Center for Disease Control
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
CHO
Carbohydrate
Cl
Chloride
cm
Centimeter
CNS
Central Nervous System
c/o
Complains/ Complaints of
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
cont
Continued/ Continuous
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CP
Cerebral Palsy
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
C&S
Culture and Sensitivity
CSF
Cerebrospinal Fluid
CT
Computerized Technology
Cu
Copper
CVA
Cerebrovascular Accident
CVP
Central Venous Pressure
CXR
Chest X-ray
cysto
Cystoscope/Cystoscopy
CF
Cystic Fibrosis
CHD
Coronary Heart Disease
Change
A nurse is interested in achieving a license as a medical doctor. What is the initial requirement to obtain this license?
A minimum of 4 years of an undergraduate study
A RN has recently specialized in the field of surgery. As an RN in the surgical dept. what is the specialized role?
First assistant in surgery
After obtaining a licensure, in which kinds of care is the LPN nursing student likely to be involved?
providing routine wound care, caring for IV medication delivery system, reporting client reactions to prescribed meds, providing bedside care, and administering prescribed oral meds
What is the purpose of the (NFLPN) National Federation of Licensed Practical Nursing?
Promoting continued post licensure education, granting advanced certificates to LV/LPN, providing standards for nursing care and supporting federal and state legislation for the LV/LPN
What is the focus of the National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service (NAPNES)
The role of the LV/LPN in healthcare delivery, preparing the LPN student for healthcare practice, and licensing the LV/LPN for client care practice
What is a mandatory licensure?
Requires that the nurse functions be performed only by those licensed in the state
What are the 2 types of licensure that can be pursued by the new nurse?
Permissive and Mandatory
A nurse wants to know the importance of licensure. Which responses are accurate?
Protects the public from unethical nurses, identifies a nurse as a qualified healthcare provider, and assures a minimal level of nursing competency
A LPN has recently moved to a new state & is seeking employment. What licensing applies to this nurse’s situation?
Endorsement
Why is it important for the nurse to be familiar with nursing theories?
Nursing programs are based on nursing theories, nursing theories are the basis for nursing care, and theories provide the purpose for nursing actions
What nurse’s pledge do the LPN’s recite at graduation?
Practical Nurse’s Pledge
What are the concepts of Florence Nightingale’s nursing theory that are still practiced today?
Nature alone cures. Nursing assists the person to an improved condition.
Sister Callista Roy identified a nursing theory model that is still in practice today. What was the concept?
An individual’s state of health/ wellness moves back & forth on a continum.
When verbalizing events with the healthcare team members, which role is the nurse performing?
Communicator
What activity does a nurse perform when functioning in the care provider role?
Helps clients achieve the maximum level of wellness
What activity does a nurse perform when functioning in the advocate role?
Informs the RN that the clients pain meds are not effective
What activity does a nurse perform when functioning in the teacher role?
Reinforces instructions for a client recovering from surgery
The LPN student wishes to join the ANA & requests info on the eligibility for the membership. What should she know?
The person should be a RN
What key program area is identified as crucial to nursing by the International Council for Nursing?
Social economic welfare for nurses
Which nursing organization represents nurses economically by assisting in collective bargaining situations?
(ANA) American Nurses Association
What is the term that applies to the available insurance policies found within a Health Insurance Marketplace?
Affordable Care Act
What is the term for the minimal level or need for healthcare services?
Acuity
Another term for case management?
Managed Care
HMO’s
Health Maintenance Organizations
What is the specialized care of the terminally ill called?
Hospice
What is the term for part time supervision of clients with chronic conditions?
Respite
The ability to access a healthcare provider via telephone or computer audio/video link?
Telehealth
SNF/ICF
Skilled Nursing Facility/Intermediate Care Facility
What are services offered by community health departments?
immunizations, well baby checks, WIC, treatment of specific diseases such as tuberculosis or STD’s
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
What is the agency that assigns recognition to hospitals?
The Joint Commission
QA
Quality Assurance- a pledge to the public that healthcare services will provide optimal achievable goals and maintain excellence in the services rendered.
The fee or premium paid in advance to the HMO is called?
capitation
PPO
Preferred Provider Organizations-groups of healthcare practitioners who contract with the PPO to provide services
What is a federal insurance program that is available to meet most people aged 65 years and older; some with disabilities younger than 65 & people with end stage renal disease
Medicare
What is a type of insurance program for employees who have become unable to work?
(SSDI) Social Security Disability Insurance
What is the insurance that is a joint effort of federal and state governments?
Medicaid
DRGs
Diagnostic Related Groups-payment based off of medical diagnosis
OT
Occupational Therapy
PT
Physical Therapy
D/C; d/c
discontinue or discharge
D&C
dilation and curettage
DES
Diethylstilbestrol
DM
Diabetes Mellitus
DNR
Do Not Resuscitate
D.O.
Doctor of Osteopathy
DOA
Dead on Arrival
DPT
Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus
D/5/W
Dextrose 5% Water
D/5/NS
Dextrose 5% Normal Saline
Dr
Doctor
DRG
Diagnostic Related Group
dr; 3
Dram
DT’s
Delirium Tremens
DVT
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Dx
Diagnosis
DJD
Degenerative Joint Disease
ED
Emergency Department
An air freshner in a client’s room, the patient begins to experience bronchial spasms. What legal and ethical issue is the nurse facing?
Negligence
A photo is submitted for publication without a patients permission. The nurse is liable for what legal offense?
Libel
What source establishes the standards for confidentiality that directs the actions of a professional nurse?
HIPAA
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
What care should the nurse take when updating computerized med. records to best protect the client’s right to privacy?
Always log off before leaving the computer, protect the computer screen so as not to be seen by unauthorized individuals
What area of professional nursing is defined in detail by the US Nursing Practice Act & Canadian Nurses (Reg) Act?
Defining legal boundaries for nursing’s scope of practice, est. licensing requirements, identifying requirements for required continuing education, and est. requirements for approved schools of nursing
If a nurse fails to provide care within her profession’s scope of practice, who will ensure the prescribed punishment?
State Board of Nursing
A nurse fails to report a pt’s. reaction to a med. to the PCP. When the pt gets and infection, what should the nurse be cited for?
Abandonment of Care
Which nursing actions are not performed in a legally responsible manner?
Advising a client concerning a malpractice suit against a staff member, always working extra shifts when asked to volunteer to do so, not bothering other staff members to help with moving an obese client, save time by asking a nurse how to do a task instead of the proc. manager.
There is a reason to question a med. prescription. Which is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Contact the primary provider to discuss the nurse’s concerns
When faced with a non-hospital emergency situation what are the legal concerns for a nurse?
The Good Samaritan Act protects nurse’s from liability, the nurse is expected to act resonably & prudent, the nurse is required to assist at the scene of an accident when needed & the nurse is not liable for emergency care within the limits of first aid
How can the nurse provide the role of advocate to a pt scheduled for a cardiac cath?
Ask them what they were told by the cardiologist about the scheduled cardiac cath
What are personal values?
One’s culture contributes to one’s personal values; to best support client’s values we need to clarify our own; personal values change over the course of a lifetime; when made to face trauma a person’s personal values can change
What is the basis for maintaining a competent practice?
Ignorance is NOT a legal defense
What nursing action will best protect a nurse from being liable for malpractice?
effective, appropriate documentation of all nursing care
What is a living will?
A written and legally witnessed document that requests no extraordinary measures.
What client would be considered a vulnerable person and require special attention?
A 4-year old child with a heart valve malfunction
Which assessment will the nurse note when determining if a client is brain dead?
The presence of unresponsive pupils; the absence of cephalic reflexes and the absence of external stimuli response
Can the nurse bring charges against a client, and how should she respond?
Yes, like in situations where the client knowingly attacks the nurse
What is an felony?
serious crime
What is a crime?
wrong committed against a person or property or public good
Define misdemeanor?
A crime that is considered not as serious as a felony
What is the term for the legal responsibility for one’s actions or failure to act appropriately?
Liability
Another term for mercy killing?
euthanasia
A term for the physical contact with another person without that person’s consent?
Battery
A threat or an attempt to do bodily harm
Assault
What is the term for professional negligence?
Malpractice
Malicious verbal statements that are false or injurious
Slander
PHI/EPHI
(Electronic) Protected Health Information
NCLEX
National Council Licensing Examination
CAT
Computerized Adaptive Testing
PSDA
Patient Self Determination Act; Example: Living will
Loss of circulation and respiratory functions results in ?
Legal Death
Irreversible cessation of all neurological functions of the entire brain including the brain stem is referred to as?
Brain Death
UNOS
United Network of Organ Sharing
AHA
American Hospital Association- adopted Patient’s Bill of Right’s
EDD
Expected Date of Delivery
EEG
Electroencephalogram
ECG/EKG
Electrocardiogram
EENT
Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat
Endo
Endoscopy
EOM
Extraocular Movement
ER
Emergency Room
ESI
Epidural Steroid Injection
etc.
And so on.
ETOH
Ethyl Alcohol
exam
Examination
exp lap
Exploratory Laparotomy
expir
Expiration
ESRD
End-Stage Renal Disease
ESR
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
EMS
Emergency Medical Service
EGD
Esophaogastroduodenoscopy
A legal document in which a person either states choices for medical treatment or names someone to make treatment choices if they loose decision making ability
Advance Directive
The term for when tests, treatments, meds. have been explained to the person as well as the outcome, complications and alternative procedures
Informed consent
Formal written rules of behavior that governs conduct and are enforced by authority
Laws
Philosophic studies that examine the actions, values and moral principles of human behaviors and that provide fundamental ideas of societal & cultural values of right vs. wrong
Ethics
When a healthcare professional acts negligently and injury occurs to the client in their care, this is called?
Tort
simple survival or physical needs also called?
deficiency
The more complex needs related to personal fulfillment are called?
growth needs
F
Fahrenheit
FBS
Fasting Blood Sugar
Fe
Iron
FH
Family History
FHR/FHS
Fetal Heart Rate/ Fetal Heart Sound
fld
Fluid
foley cath
Foley Catheter
ft
Feet
FTT
Failure To Thrive
FUO
Fever of Unknown Origin
Fx
Fracture
FF
Force Fluids
gal
Gallon
G.B.
Gallbladder
G.C.
Gonorrhea
GERD
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Gm
Gram
gtt
Drops
gr
Grain
GTT
Glucose Tolerance Test
GU
Genitourinary
gyn
Gynecology
>
Greater Than
GSW
Gun Shot Wound
Basic needs ranked from the lowest to the highest levels of importance to the individual’s survival is called?
hierarchy of needs
Once this type of need is met a person can progress to more complex needs, such as safety, love, and self-esteem?
survival needs
Focusing on a lower level need that has already been fulfilled which is common in illness or injury is called?
Regression
First level needs are known as ?
Physiologic needs
Survival needs are also known as ______ and must be met to sustain life
Primary/Priority needs
This type of need is met to give quality of life?
Secondary needs
Most essential of all basic survival needs?
Oxygen
Average Oral Temperature?
98.6 F; 37C
This type of need is met in the 3rd level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs; the need for love, affection and belonging
Social needs
Another term for self-image; self-respect
Self-esteem
When a person has met their full potential and have met the highest level of needs is called?
self-actualized
WHO
World Health Organization- est. to improve worldwide health
The balance of all components of the human organism?
homeostasis
A change in the structure or function of body tissues, biologic systems, or the human mind is called_______?
Disease
The response to disease that causes a change in function is called________?
Illness
A change in the structure and function of body tissues caused by invasion of harmful microorganisms is called ________?
Infection
The # of people with an illness or disorder relative to a specific population is called ________?
Morbidity
The chances of death associated with a particular illness or disorder is called __________?
Mortality
CDC
Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Monitor morbidity and mortality rates
Illnesses that interfere with the wellness-illness continuum for a short period of time are called __________?
Acute Illnesses
Long term health disturbances are called _________?
Chronic Illnesses
LTC
Long Term Care
Patterns of living that we choose to follow are called?
Lifestyle factors
Risk Factors
May or may not be preventable
Chemicals that cause cancer are called?
Carcinogens
Infants born before their expected dates are called _______?
Preterm births
A mental or physical tension exerted on an individual’s homeostasis is called ________?
Stress
Behaviors that provide protection from internal conflicts are known as ?
defense mechanisms
BAC
Blood Alcohol Concentration
The narrowing of the arteries over time by cholesterol?
arteriosclerosis
Impaired fasting glucose/Impaired glucose tolerance
Prediabetes
Loss of bone density is known as ?
Osteoporosis
Diseases are categorized by their causes otherwise known as their ___________
etiology
A detectable structural change occurred in one or more organs that also alters usual function is called ____________
Organic disease
A disorder in which a structural cause cannot be identified?
Functional Disease
The person is said to be ___________ if he or she cannot perform usual activities.
dysfunctional
May be genetic or may be caused by another unfavorable condition that affects normal fetal development
Congenital disorders
What means the area of invasion is limited to one area or organ?
Local
Infections that involve the whole body?
Systemic
Term meaning the infection can be transferred from one person to another.
Contagious
The growth of abnormal tissue or tumors is _________
Neoplastic
A growth of cells similar to the tissue in which it appears is also known as __________
benign
A wild and disorderly growth of cells that is unlike the tissue from which it originated
Malignant
Malignant cells tend to spread in a process known as _______
metastasis
The study of communities is known as _________
demography
A group of individuals who interact with each other for the mutual benefit of their common interests to support a sense of unity and belonging
Community
Aggregate health of a population is known as _________
Community Health
UNICEF
(United Nations Childrens Fund) helps children in developing countries
Which organization investigate and control communicable diseases, protection from disease carried by immigrants, control of sanitation, prevention of disease spread through interstate commerce and control the manufacture and sale of biologic products
(USPHS)-United States Public Health Service
-also motor vehicle safety
-vaccines
-safer workplaces
-control of infectious disease etc.
(FDA) Food and Drug Administration
Promote and protect public health by helping safe and effective products reach the market in a timely way and monitoring products for a continued safety after they are in use
The Nations Medical research agency aka ________
NIH - National Institutes of Health
Airbourne, droplet and contact are all examples of ?
Transmission-Based Precautions
Provides financial compensation when a worker is injured while at work
Worker’s Compensation
Contamination and impurity is called_____
Pollution
Subgroups in a community with unique or special healthcare needs, such as those experiencing homelessness, older adults younger individuals and migrant workers or immigrants
Target Populations
The study of mutual relationships between living beings and their enviroments is called
ecology/bionomics
A chemical element that occurs in nature as a by product of disintegration of radium
Radon
Plumbism
Lead poisoning
Radiation
Ionizing waves of energy that penetrate objects
Medical waste is considered to be __________
Biohazardous
(H)
Hypodermic
h/hr
Hour
HA
Headache
HBV
Hepatitis B Virus
HCTZ
Hydrochloric Acid
hgb & hct
Hemoglobin & Hematocrit
HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
hg
Mercury
H &P
History and Physical
HNP
Herniated Nucleus Pulposus
H2O
Water
H2O2
Hydrogen Peroxide
HOB
Head of Bed
hosp
Hospital
hs
Bedtime
ht
Height
hx
History
HDL
High Density Lipoprotein
HOSA
Health Occupations Students of America
HOH
Hard of Hearing
I
Iodine
ICU
Intensive Care Unit
I &D
Incision and Drainage
IDDM
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
IM
Intramuscular
I & O
Intake and Output
IPPB
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing
iss
one and one half
IV
Intravenous
IVP
Intravenous Pyelogram
INT
Intermittent
IBS
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
ICP
Intracranial Pressure
JCAHO
Joint Commission Accreditation Health Care Organization
What is the accumulated learning for generational groups of individuals that includes the combination of knowledge, belief systems and behaviors?
Culture
What is the term used to differentiate large groups of humankind that share common biological and sociological characteristics?
Race
What is the term for a common heritage shared by a specific culture?
Ethnicity
Racial and ethic _____________ populations are groups whose numbers are less than half the total amount of a total group
underrepresented
_________ __________ reflects the fact that most societies are made up of a multitude of different cultures.
Cultural diversity
__________ ____________ __________ of disease are factors that cannot be changed such as age, gender, race, family history, genetic variation, ethic origin and birth weight
Non-modifiable risk factors
What are modifiable risk factors of disease?
Factors that can be changed or controlled such as diet, physical activity, smoking, BP, cholesterol, Weight
___________ is a belief based on preconceived notions about certain groups of people?
Prejudice
__________ __________ refers to the ability to respect the beliefs, language, interpersonal styles, and behaviors of individuals.
Cultural competence
The term for classifying or categorizing people and believing that all those belonging to a certain group are alike?
Stereotype
___________ is the belief that one’s own culture is the best and only acceptable culture, which shows an inability to understand, appreciate and work with other cultures
Ethnocentrism
_______ are concepts the members of a culture hold to be true
Beliefs
___________ shape how an individual perceives right from wrong and what is desirable and valuable.
Values
___________ evolve from values, which become rules for behavior in a group
Norms
A social, religious, or cultural custom that forbids discussion or practice of a particular person, place or thing?
Taboos
Formal ceremonies consisting of prescribed actions in a specific order often done by respected leaders of a group is known as _________
Rituals
Another term for a traditional healer often associated with the Native American culture?
Shaman
A Latino folk healer is also known as a ____________
curandero/a
Muslims follow the guidance of a specially educated Muslim trained in law and beliefs called ___________
Mullah
Christians often see a ___________ for rituals.
Priest, Minister
The Jewish use a _________ who is also specially educated in the laws and beliefs of their culture.
Rabbi
The belief that supernatural forces dominate is also known as _______-___________
Magico-religious
The belief that physical and biomedical processes can be studied and manipulated to control life is known as ?
Scientific/biomedical
What is the belief that forces of nature must be kept balanced called?
Hollistic-medicine
The belief that illness develops when life forces are out of balance
Ying/Yang; Hot-cold theories
Life is governed by the law of __________ stating that rebirth depends on one’s behavior in life
Karma
Caring for clients while taking into consideration their religious and sociocultural backgrounds is called ________
Transcultural Nursing
Which food, when prepared according to Kosher Law, can be included in the Jewish diet of a client needing protein?
Beef
Which group eats rice with almost every meal?
Chinese American
A nurse should be aware that “soul food” is a concept of which cultural group?
African Americans
Which foods are most associated with Middle Eastern Americans?
Lamb and Goat
Which culture believes in the Yin/Yang balance for health?
Chinese
What is allowed in a Muslim diet?
Halal
Which food choice would be best for ensuring adequate vitamin B12 intake in a vegan?
Breakfast cereal fortified with B12
The client consumes high amounts of Na and fats. This predisposes the client to what medical diagnosis?
Gallbladder Disease, Obesity, arteriosclerosis and hypertension
What food should be omited from a Puerto Rican’s diet in the chart?
Sour food
What is an Ovo-vegetarian
They can eat plant foods but NO dairy products
Which cultural group has a high incidence of intolerance to lactose?
Native Americans
T/F in the Filipino culture food is often used as gifts and to express appreciation
True
T/F all cultures celebrate social, cultural and religious events by sharing food?
True
T/F Vegetarians have lower rates of coronary artery disease, hypertension and obesity
True
K
Potassium
Kg
Kilogram
KUB
Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder
KVO
Keep Vein Open
L
Liter
(L) or Lt
Left
L1,L2,L3
First, Second, Third Lumbar Vertebrae etc.
lab
Laboratory
lap
Laparotomy
lb
Pound
lg
Large
<
Less Than
liq
Liquid
LLQ
Left Lower Quadrant
LMP
Last Menstrual Period
LOC
Level of Conciousness
LP
Lumbar Puncture
LUQ
Left Upper Quadrant
LDL
Low Density Lipoprotein
LPN
Licensed Practical Nurse
LVN
Licensed Vocational Nurse
LFT’s
Liver Function Tests
The concept a nurse uses when teaching clients about the interrelationships among nutrition, activity and diet therapy
MyPlate
What is the role of Niacin in healthy human nutrition?
It assists in the release of energy from carbs, fat and proteins
Monnosaccharides and disaccharides are classified as what?
Simple carbs
Someone recovering from a muscle injury should focus what into their diet?
Protein
Which vitamin is referred to as ascorbic acid?
Vitamin C
What benefit of breastfeeding should the nurse highlight when teaching the mother?
It decreases the chances of the baby being anemic
What are the consequences of a high sodium diet?
The risk of developing hypertension
What foods should someone with pancreatitis avoid?
Chocolate Milk
A chemical compound or element found in food that is necessary for good health?
Nutrient
What info concerning saturated fatty acids should the nurse teach the client when discussing high cholesterol?
The fat is solid at room temperature
What information is published by the (EER) Estimated Energy Requirements
The average dietary energy intake that will maintain energy in a person
What vitamins are water soluable?
C and B complex
What would the BMI of >43 indicate?
Very obese
What effects of (PCM) should the nurse monitor in a client with this diagnosis
Delayed wound healing
What are the stored form of carbs made of simple sugars & stored mainly in the liver and muscles?
Glycogen
What is included on the list of macronutrients?
Carbs, Proteins and Fats
What are complete incomplete proteins?
Complete proteins provide essential amino acids for growth and maintenance
What signs should the nurse look out for that indicate riboflavin deficiency?
Inflammation of the tongue
What trace mineral deficiency would be responsible for a client’s stunted growth?
Zinc
A diet high in ____________ helps maintain a normal growth rate?
amino acids
A client on a vegan diet may be lacking what vitamin?
Vitamin D
What substance is typically added to the diet of an alcoholic
Thiamine
What is the main source of starch?
Grains, roots, bulbs, legumes, tubers and seeds
Liver, dairy products, and green leafy veggies; also enables the eye to adapt to dim light
Vitamin A
This vitamin maintains serum calcium concentrations; sources are sunlight, liver and fortified milk
Vitamin D
Coenzyme in the synthesis of new cells; activates folate; sources are meat, fish, and poultry
Vitamin B12
Synthesis of blood clotting proteins; sources are green leafy veggies
Vitamin K
Collagen synthesis, antioxidant sources include citrus fruits
Vitamin C
What vitamin acts as an antioxidant to prevent vitamin A from being destroyed and protects cell membrane; sources are veg. oils, nuts & seeds
Vitamin E
Supplies a large amount of energy in a small amount of food, excess stored as adipose tissue and conserves body temp
Fat
Builds and repairs all tissue; helps build blood from antibodies to fight infection
Protein
Major source of energy, provides fiber, spares protein, excess is stored as fat; sources are bread and cereals, and rice
Carbohydrates
M
Male
m
minimum
max
maximum
mcg
microgram
med
medicine
mEq
milliequivileant
Mg
magnesium
mg
milligram
MI
Myocardial Infarction
min
minute
mm
millimeter
MMR
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
M/N
Midnight
mo
Month
mod
Moderate
ht
height
hx
history
HDL
High Density Lipoprotein
HOSA
Health Occupations Students of America
HOH
Hard of hearing
I
Iodine
ICU
Intensive care unit
I&D
Incision and drainage
IDDM
Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
IM
Intramuscular
I&O
Intake and Output
IPPB
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing
iss
One and One half
IV
Intravenous
IVP
Intravenous Pyelogram
INT
Intermittent
IBS
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
ICP
Intracranial Pressure
MOM
Milk of Magnesium
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MS
Morphine Sulphate/ Multiple Sclerosis
MVA
Motor Vehicle Accident
MVC
Motor Vehicle Collision
MD
Muscular Dystrophy
Insulin is stored in the ________ as _________ for later use
liver; glucose
Vitamin A, D, E and K are examples of what kind of soluable vitamins?
Fat-soluable
Thiamin(B1), Riboflavin(B2), NIacin(B3), B6, Folate and B12 are all examples of ________ ________ vitamins
Water-soluable
__________ fats have fewer essential fatty acids than the original oil
Hydrogenated
Foods that are solid at room temp due to already containing the full complement hydrogen
Saturated Fat
The deficiency __________ is most common in children and is caused by the lack of the bones hardening
Rickets
Bleeding gums, loose teeth, sore and stiff joints are symptoms of ___________ or a Vitamin C deficiency
Scurvy
Non-digestible food ingredients that selectively feed probiotic bacteria
Prebiotics
Healthy live bacteria
Probiotics
A disease of the nervous system that leads to paralysis and death from heart failure
Beriberi
A niacin deficiency can lead to a disease known as ________
Pellagra
The percentage of total fats, carbs, proteins and some vitamins or minerals in one serving of food is known as
(%DV) Percent Daily Value
A waxy, fat-like substance that can form clumps between arterial wall is _____________
plaque
Foods that provide significant amounts of key nutrients per volume consumed
nutrient density
Two types of protein deficiencies that are identified but not commonly found in the US
marasmus and kwashiorkor
GDM
Gestational diabetes mellitus
COW
Computer on Wheels
PKU
Phenylketouria- metabolic disorder in infants
What diet would the nurse discuss when caring for a client diagnosed with malabsorption syndrome?
Low fat diet
A client suffering from severe weight loss has been prescribed supplemental nourishment. When should it be given?
Between meals
What type of nutrition is provided for a client whose GI tract is not functioning properly?
(TPN) Total Parentrial Nutrition
A client needs to have a NG tube inserted, it is difficult to breath through her left nare. What does the nurse do next?
Place the NG tube down the left nare
A client has been on nutritional supplement for a week. What S/E of the supplement should the nurse monitor?
Diarrhea, constipation and gas
A client with severe edema has been prescribed a moderate Na restriction. What quantity of Na should this client have?
Recommended 1500mg per day
What type of diet is needed for weight gain?
Reduced calorie diet
An 1800 calorie diet that is a balance between carbs, fats and protein is what type of diet?
A diabetic diet
What foods would be eliminated from a clients diet who is on Coumadin (warfarin)?
Green leafy veggies
What is a button feeding device?
A small silicone device used in place of a gastrostomy tube
What is the recommended diet for a client who is endentulous (without teeth)?
Mechanical Soft Diet
How do you determine the accurate measurement of the length of the tube to be inserted in an NG tube?
From the tip of the nose to the earlobe to the top of the xiphoid process
What should be documented after feeding the client?
Appetite, fluid intake and calorie intake
What suggestion should be given to a client with polydipsia to facilitate compliance?
Take half of the fluid during the day; the other half in the evening
What is the goal of a therapeutic diet for diabetes?
Regulates the amount of certain nutrients
T/F A progression of a clients diet should always start with a clear liquid diet?
True
TPN is administered via what route?
Central vein near the heart
What should you assess a lactose intolerant client for after ingesting lactose?
Gas
What is the sequence of progression for a diet following surgery?
Clear liquid-full liquid-soft-and regular diet
What problems can be anticipated with a high fiber diet?
Cramping and Diarrhea
What type of diet would be ordered for a client who has kidney and end-stage liver disorder?
Protein Restricted Diet
The pH of stomach content is _____ and ____ or more for lung content
0-4; 7
What determines correct placement of a feeding tube before each use?
Attach syringe to tube, aspirate contents and instill 30ml of air and listen for the whoosh
N
Normal; Nitrogen
Na
Sodium
N/A
Not Applicable
NB
Newborn
neg
negative
neuro
Neurology; Neurological
NG
Nasogastric
NIDDM
Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
NKA
No known allergies
NKDA
No known drug allergies
no; #
Number
NPO
Nothing by mouth
NSR
Normal Sinus Rhythm
NSS
Normal Saline Solution
NTG
Nitroglycerin
NTE
Not to Exceed
N & V
Nausea and Vomitting
NAPNES
National Association Practical Nurse Education Service
NCLEX
National Council Licensing Examination
O2
Oxygen
OB
Obstetrics
OBS
Organic Brain Syndrome
occ
Occasional
O.D.
Right Ear
oint
Ointment
OOB
Out of Bed
O&P
Ova and Parasites
OR
Operating Room
ORIF
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
O.S.
Left Eye
O.T.
Occupational Therapy
O.U.
Both Eyes
oz
Ounce
OTC
Over the Counter
What is the term for a person who drinks excessive amounts of water
polydipsia
Trouble swallowing
Dysphagia
What is a G tube (gastrostomy tube)
A tube placed directly into the stomach through the abdominal wall
What tube may be inserted into the jejunum of the small intestine
J tube
____ is injected directly into the blood circulation and bypasses the digestive tract
TPN (Total Parenteral Nutrition)
_______ contains lesser concentrations of the same ingredients found in the central vein TPN, administered into the peripheral vein.
PPN (Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition)
In what stage of the nursing process would the nurse be administering meds. to the client.
Implementation
What step should be performed before notifying the physician of a client’s admission?
Nursing Assessment
What is the correct sequence for the first 4 steps of scientific problem solving?
Identify the problem, gather info, formulate solutions, action to test
What step in the nursing process is similar to the scientific problem-solving process?
Nursing Diagnosis
The statement “ My BP is usually 130/82” is ________
Objective
What are the 2 types of nursing diagnosis?
Actual and Potential
Goal oriented & continuous, client oriented and systemic all describe the ___________ ___________
Nursing Process
Assessing a rash on a clients hand is what type of observation?
visual
A clients skin feels warm, this is what type of observation?
Tactile
What is the foundation upon which a nurse manages the care of multiple clients simutaneously?
Every client has an individual nursing care plan
Which step in the nursing process should be completed before identifying goals for care?
Nursing Diagnosis
The client continuing to loose weight and only eating small amounts of food would indicate that the nursing care plan must be ____________
revised
Obtaining the clients medical history is what step in the nursing process
Nursing Assessment
Size, location and color of a wound are __________ data
Objective
Respirations are 16 Beats per minute are ________ data
Objective
The giving of actual nursing care is called
Implementation
The systematic and continuous collection of data is
Nursing assessment
The development of goals for care and possible activities to meet them is
Planning
The measurement of effectiveness of nursing care is
Evaluation
p
pulse
-
p
After
P.A.
Physician’s Assistant
P&A
Percussion and Auscultation
pc
After meals
PCA
Patient Controlled Analgesia
PCN
Penicillin
P.E.
Physical Examination or Pulmonary Embolism
ped
Pediatrics
PEG
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastric Tube
PERRLA
Pupils Equal, Round, React to light accomodation
pH
Hydrogen concentration
PID
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
P.M.
Afternoon
PMS
Pre Menstrual Syndrome
Pnx
Pneumonia
po/PO
By mouth
post-op
Post-Operative
ppBTL
Post Partum Bilateral Tubal Ligation
prep
Preperation
pre-op
Pre-Operative
PRN
Whenever Necessary
PROM
Premature Rupture of Membranes
pt
Patient
P.T.
Physical Therapy
PUD
Peptic Ulcer Disease
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contraction
PZI
Protamine Zinc Insulin
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
q
Every
qid
Four times daily
qh
every hour
qhs
every bedtime
q2h,q3h
every 2 hours, every 3 hours etc.
qod
Every other day
qns
Quantity Not Sufficient
qs
Quantity Sufficient
qt
Quart
List the steps in order of the nursing process
Assessing, Diagnosing, Planning, Implementing, evaluating and reassessing
NANDA
North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
CMS
Center
NCHS
National Center for Health Statistics
ICD-10
International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision
AEB
As Evidenced By
An ________ _________ is measurable patient behavior that indicates whether the person has achieved the expected benefit of nursing care
expected outcome
An expected outcome or goal that a client can reasonably meet in a matter or hours or a few days
short-term objective
An outcome that the client ultimately hopes to achieve but which requires a longer period of time to accomplish
long-term goal/objective
Nursing actions that do not require a healthcare providers orders
Independent actions
___________ ________ are based on orders or specific directions from the healthcare provider
Dependent actions
Another term for being responsible for the actions you perform
accountability
Another term for manually performing a task
Technical skills
