PMLS Flashcards
An Act Requiring the Registration of Medical Technologist,
Defining Their Practice, and for Other Purposes
Republic Act No. 5527
(*As amended by RA 6132, PD 498 and PD 1534.)
This Act may be also cited as the Philippine Medical Technology Act of
1969.
Section 1. Title
•Practice of Medical Technology
•Pathologist
•Medical Technologist
•Medical Laboratory Technicians
•Accredited Medical Technology Training Laboratory
•Recognized School of Medical Technology
•Council
•Board
Section 2. Definition of Terms.
- Examination of tissues, secretions and excretions of the human body and body
fluids by various electronic, chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic, hematologic,
serologic, immunologic, nuclear, and other laboratory procedures and techniques
either manual or automated; - Blood banking procedures and techniques;
- Parasitologic, Mycologic and Microbiologic procedures and techniques;
- Histopathologic and Cytotechnology; provided that nothing in this paragraph shall
inhibit a duly registered medical laboratory technician from performing
histopathologic techniques and procedures. - Clinical research involving patients or human beings requiring the use of and/or
application of medical technology knowledge and procedures; - Preparations and standardization of reagents, standards, stains and others,
provided such reagents, standards, stains and others are exclusively for the use of
their laboratory; - Clinical laboratory quality control;
- Collection and preservation of specimens;
Services rendered by Medical Technologists
A person shall be deemed to be in the practice of
medical technology within the meaning of this Act, who shall for a fee, salary or other
compensation or reward paid or given directly or indirectly through another, renders any
of the following professional services for the purpose of aiding the physician in the
diagnosis, study and treatment of diseases and in the promotion of health in general.
Practice of Medical Technology
A duly registered physician who is specially trained in methods of laboratory
medicine, or the gross and microscopic study and interpretation of tissues, secretion and
excretions of the human body and its functions in order to diagnose disease, follow its
course, determine the effectivity of treatment, ascertain cause of death and advance
medicine by means of research.
Pathologist
A person who engages in the work of medical technology under
the supervision of a pathologist or licensed physician authorized by the Department of
Health in places where there is no pathologist and who having passed the prescribed
course (Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology/Bachelor of Science in Hygiene) of
training and examination is registered under the provision of this Act.
Medical Technologist
A person certified and registered with the Board as
qualified to assist a medical technologist and/or qualified pathologist in the practice of
medical technology as defined in this Act.
Medical Laboratory Technicians
A clinical laboratory, office, agency,
clinic, hospital or sanitarium duly approved by the Department of Health or its authorized
agency.
Accredited Medical Technology Training Laboratory
Any school, college, or university which
offers a course in Medical Technology approved by the Department of Education in
accordance with the requirements under this Act, upon recommendation of the council of
medical technology education.
Recognized School of Medical Technology
The council of medical technology education established under this Act.
Council
The Board of Examiners for Medical Technology established under this Act.
Board
There is hereby
established a Council of Medical Technology Education, hereafter referred to as Council, which
shall be composed of the Director of Higher Education as Chairman; the Chairman of the
Professional Regulation Commission as Vice-Chairman; and the Director of the Bureau of
Research and Laboratories of the Department of Health,4 the Chairman and two (2) members of
the Board of Medical Technology, a representative of the Deans of Schools of Medical
Technology and Public Health, and the Presidents of the Philippine Society of Pathologists and
the Philippine Association of Medical Technologists, as members.
Section 3. Council of Medical Technology Education, Its Composition
For every
meeting actually attended, the Chairman shall be entitled to a fifty pesos (P50.00) per diem while
the members shall be entitled to twenty-five pesos (P25.00) each regardless of whether or not
they receive regular salaries from the government. In addition, the Chairman and members of the
Council shall be entitled to traveling expenses in connection with their official duties.
Section 4. Compensation and Traveling Expenses of Council Members.
The functions of
the Council shall be:
a. To recommend the minimum required curriculum for the course of medical technology.
b. To determine and prescribe the number of students to be allowed to take up the medical
technology course in each school, taking into account the student-instructor ratio and the
availability of facilities for instruction.
c. To approve medical technology schools meeting the requirements and recommend
closure of those found to be substandard.
d. To require all medical technology schools to submit an annual report, including the total
number of students and instructors, list of facilities available for instruction, a list of their
recent graduates and new admissions, on or before the month of June.
e. To inspect, when necessary, the different medical technology schools in the country in
order to determine whether a high standard of education is maintained in said institutions.
f. To certify for admission in to an undergraduate internship students who have
satisfactorily completed three years of the medical technology course or its equivalent
and to collect from said student the amount of five pesos each which money accrue to
the operating fund of the Council.
g. Formulate and recommend approval of refresher course for applicants who shall have
failed the Board Examination for the third time.
h. To promulgate and prescribe and enforce necessary rules and regulations for the proper
implementation of the foregoing functions
Section 5. Functions of the Council of Medical Technology Education.
The medical technology course shall be at least
four years, including a 12-month satisfactory internship in accredited laboratories, and shall
include the following subjects:
English
Biochemistry
Spanish Gross
Anatomy
Social Science
Histology
General Zoology
Physiology
Botany
Clinical Parasitology
Mathematics
General Pathology
College Physics
Microbiology
General Chemistry
Biostatistics
Qualitative Chemistry
Clinical Laboratory
Quantitative Chemistry
Methods including hematology, serology, blood banking,
clinical microscopy, applied microbiology, and
parasitology, histopathologic techniques, and
cytotechnology
Section 6. Minimum Required Course.
There is hereby created a Medical Technology
Board under the Professional Regulation Commission, which shall thereafter be referred to as the
Board composed of a Chairman who is a pathologist, and two (2) members who are registered
medical technologists who shall be appointed by the President of the Republic of the Philippines
upon recommendation of the Professional Regulation Commission. The Chairman and members
of the Board shall hold office for three (3) years after appointments or until their successors shall
have been appointed and duly qualified: Provided, That the incumbent members will continue to
serve until the expiration of their terms. In case of death, disability, or removal of a member of the
Board, his successor shall serve only the balance of his term.
Section 7. Medical Technology Board
No person shall be appointed as member of the
Board of Examiners for Medical Technology unless he or she is (1) is a Filipino citizen; (2) is of
good moral character; (3) is a qualified Pathologist, or a duly registered medical technologist of
the Philippines with the degree of Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology/Bachelor of
Science in Hygiene/Public Health; (4) has been in practice of laboratory medicine or medical
technology for at least ten years prior to his appointment, and (5) is not a member of the faculty of
any medical technology school for at least two (2) years prior to appointment or having any
pecuniary interest direct or indirect in such institution: Provided, however, That for the first three
years following the approval of this Act, the requirements mentioned in number four (4) shall be
reduced to five years.
Section 8. Qualifications of Examiners.
Section 9
Section 9. Executive Officer of the Board.
Each member of the Board shall receive as sum of
ten pesos for each applicant examined and five pesos for each applicant granted a certificate of
registration without examination.
Section 10. Compensation of Members of the
Board of Examiners for Medical Technology
The Board is vested with authority and
required, conformably with the provisions of this Act, to:
a. Administer the provisions of this Act;
b. Administer oaths in connection with the administration of this Act;
c. Issue, suspend and revoke certificates of registration for the practice of medical
technology and medical laboratory technician;
d. Look into conditions affecting the practice of medical technology in the Philippines and,
whenever necessary, adopt such a measure may be deemed proper for the maintenance
of good ethic and standards in the practice of medical technology;
e. Investigate such violations of this Act or of the rules and regulations issued thereunder as
may come to the knowledge of the Board and, for this purpose issue subpoena and
subpoena duces tecum to secure appearance of witnesses and production of documents
in connection with charges presented to the Board; and
f. Draft such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this
Act: Provided, that the same shall be issued only after the approval of the President of
the Philippines;
g. To determine the adequacy of the technical staff of all clinical laboratories and blood
banks before they could be licensed with the Department of Health in accordance with
R.A. No. 4655 and 1517;
h. To prescribe the qualifications and training of medical technologists as to special fields of
the profession and supervise their specialty examination conducted by the professional
organization of medical technologists accredited by the Professional Regulation
Commission;
i. To classify and prescribe the qualification and training of the technical staff of clinical
laboratories as to: Medical Technology; Medical Technologist; Senior Medical
Technologist; Medical Technologist and Medical Laboratory Technician.
Section 11. Functions and Duties of the Board.
Any member of the Board may be removed by
the President of the Philippines for neglect of duty, incompetency, malpractice or unprofessional,
unethical, immoral or dishonorable conduct after having been given opportunity to defend himself
in a proper and administrative investigation: Provided, that during the process of investigation, the
President shall have the power to suspend such member under investigation and appoint a
temporary member in his place.
Section 12. Removal of Board Members.
Upon the recommendation of the Medical Technology Board, the Department of
Education and Culture15 shall approve schools of Medical Technology in accordance with the
provisions of this Act, as amended, in conjunction with the Board of Medical Technology. The
Department of Health16 through the Bureau of Research and Laboratories shall approve
laboratories for accreditation as training laboratories for medical technology students or post-
graduate trainees in conjunction with the Board of Medical Technology. The laboratories shall
show satisfactory evidence that they possess qualified personnel and are properly equipped to
carry out laboratory procedures commonly required in the following fields: Clinical Chemistry,
Microbiology, Serology, Parasitology, Hematology, Blood Banking, Clinical Microscopy, and
Histopathologic techniques, and that the scope of activities of said laboratories offer sufficient
training in said laboratory procedures.
Section 13. Accreditation of Schools of Medical Technology and of Training Laboratories
No person shall
practice or offer to practice medical technology as defined in this Act without having previously
obtained a valid certificate of registration from the Board provided that registration shall not be
required of the following:
a. Duly registered physicians.
b. Medical technologist from other countries called in for consultation or as visiting or
exchange professors to colleges or universities: Provided, they are only practicing the
said function.
c. Medical technologists in the service of the United States Armed Forces stationed in the
Philippines rendering services as such for members of the said forces only.
Section 14. Inhibition Against the Practice of Medical Technology.
Except as otherwise specifically allowed under the provision of
this Act, all applicants for registration as medical technologist shall be required to undergo written
examination which shall be given by the Board annually in the greater Manila area, Cebu, and
Davao during the month of August or September on such days and places as the Board may
designate. Written notices of such examination shall be published in at least three newspapers of
national circulation by the Secretary of the Board of least thirty days prior to the date of
examination.
Section 15. Examination.
Every applicant examination under this Act,
shall, prior to the date thereof, furnish the Board satisfactory proof that he or she:
a. Is in good health and is of good moral character;
b. Has completed a course of at least four (4) years leading to the degree of Bachelor of
Science in Medical Technology or Bachelor of Science in Public Health conferred by a recognized school, college or university in accordance with this Decree or having
graduated from some other profession and has been actually performing medical
technology for the last five (5) years prior to the date of the examinations, if such
performance began prior to June 21, 1969.
Section 16. Qualification for Examination.
The examination questions shall cover the following
subjects with their respective relative weights:
Clinical Chemistry ……………………………………………… 20%
Microbiology & Parasitology ……………………………….. 20%
Hematology ……………………………………………………… 20%
Blood Banking & Serology ………………………………….. 20%
Clinical Microscopy (Urinalysis and
other body fluids) ……………………………..……………… 10%
Histopathologic Techniques,
Cytotechnology, Medical
Technology Laws, Related
Laws and its implementing
rules, and the Code of Ethics …………………………….. 10%
Section 17. Scope of Examination
The Board shall, within one hundred and twenty days after
the date of completion of the examination, report the result thereof to the Commissioner of Civil
Service,who shall submit such result to the President of the Philippines for approval.
Section 18. Report of Rating.
In order to pass the examination, a candidate
must obtain a general average of at least seventy-five percent in the written test, with no rating
below fifty percent in any of the major subjects: Provided, That the candidate has not failed in at
least sixty percent of the subjects computed according to their relative weights. No further
examinations, unless and until he shall have completed 12 months refresher course in an
accredited laboratory: Provided, That graduate of paramedical profession other than Bachelor of
Science in Medical Technology/Bachelor of Science in Hygiene admitted to an examination under
the provisions of this Act shall not be given further examinations after the provisions of this Act
shall be given further examinations after his failure to qualify for the third time.
Section 19. Rating in the Examination.
All successful examinees shall be required to take a
professional oath before the Board or before any person authorized to administer oaths prior to
entering upon the practice of medical technology in the Philippines.
Section 20. Oath Taking.
Every applicant who has satisfactorily
passed the required examination for medical technologist shall be issued a certificate of
registration as such: Provided, That no such certificate shall be issued to any successful applicant
who has not attained the age of twenty-one (21) years. All certificate shall be signed by the
members of the Board and by the Commissioner of the Professional Regulation Commission. The
duly registered medical technologists shall be required to display his certificate of registration in
the place where he works. Provided, that upon application filed and the payment of the required
fee of one hundred and fifteen pesos (P115.00) the Board shall issue a certificate of registration
as medical technologist without examination to persons who have been graduated with Bachelor
of Science in Medical Technology/Bachelor of Science in Public Health in duly recognized schools of medical technology in the Philippines or in any foreign country, Provided, That in case
of the latter, the standard of medical technology education is substantially the same as ours, and
in addition shall have been in the practice of medical technology for at least three (3) years prior
to the filing of the application in laboratories in the Philippines duly accredited by the Bureau of
Research and Laboratories, Department of Health, or in foreign countries if such performance
began prior to June 21, 1969 and also to all other persons who having graduated from other
professions have been actually performing medical technology practice for the last eight (8) years
prior to filing of the application, Provided, that such performance began prior to June 21, 1969.
Provided, further, that the Board shall likewise issue a certificate of registration as medical
laboratory technician without examination to any person who upon application and payment of the
required fee of fifty pesos (P500.00) show evidence satisfactory to the Board that:
1. He or she passed the civil service examination for medical technician given on March 21,
1964; or
2. Has finished a two-year college course and has at least one (1) year of experience as
medical laboratory technician, Provided, that for every year of deficiency in college
attainment two (2) years of experience may be substituted; Provided, further, that an
applicant who has at least ten (10) years of experience as medical laboratory technician
as of the date of approval of this Decree regardless of his academic attainment may
qualify for registration without examination; or
3. Has failed to pass the board examination for medical technology but had obtained a
general rating of at least 70%. Provided, finally, that a registered medical laboratory
technician when employed in the government shall have the equivalent civil service
eligibility not lower than second grade.
Section 21. Issuance of Certificate of Registration.
The Board shall charge each applicant for examination and
registration the sum of fifty pesos for each certificate of registration issued without prior
examination in accordance with the provisions of this Act the sum of twenty-five pesos; for
issuance of a new certificate to replace certificate lost, destroyed or mutilated, the Board shall
charge the sum of ten pesos. All such fees shall be paid to the disbursing officer of the Civil
Service Commission who shall pay from the receipts thereof, all authorized expenses of the
Board including the compensation of each member.
Section 22. Fees.
The Board shall refuse to issue a certificate of
registration to any person convicted by the court of competent jurisdiction of any criminal offense
involving moral turpitude, or any person guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct, or of unsound
mind, or incurable communicable disease, and in such shall be give to the applicant a written
statement setting forth the reason for its action, which statement shall be incorporated in the
record of the Board.
Section 23. Refusal to issue Certificate
Administrative investigation shall be conducted by at least two members of the Board with one
legal officer sitting during all administrative proceedings, the respondents shall be entitled to be
represented by counsel or be heard in person, to have a speedy and public hearing, to confront
and cross-examine witnesses against him or her, and to all other rights guaranteed by the
Constitution. The Board may, after giving proper notice and hearing to the party concerned
reprimand an erring medical technologist or revoke or suspend his certificate of registration for
causes mentioned in the next preceding section or for causes enumerated in section twenty-nine
(29) of this Act, or for unprofessional conduct, malpractice, incompetency, or serious ignorance or
gross negligence in the practice of medical technology. No penalty of revocation shall be imposed
unless there is a unanimous vote of all the three members of the Board. The Board may, by
majority vote, impose the penalty or reprimand or suspension, the latter however not to exceed
two years. When the penalty of suspension or revocation is imposed by the Board the medical
technologist shall be required to surrender his certificate of registration within thirty days after the
decision becomes final, under the pain of perpetual disqualification from the practice of medical
technology in the Philippines for inexcusable failure to do so. The suspension shall run from the
date of such surrender.
Section 24. Administrative Investigation.- Revocation or Suspension of Certificates
The revocation or suspension of a certificate made by the Board
shall be subject to appeal to the Civil Service Commissioner24 whose decision shall become final
thirty days after its promulgation, unless the respondent within the same period has appealed to
the office of the President of the Philippines.
Section 25. Appeal.
The Board may,
upon application and for reason deemed proper and sufficient, reissue any revoked registration
certificate. The suspension of a certificate shall be re-issued to the medical technologist
concerned upon request without prejudice to further actions by the Board for violation of the
provisions of this Act or conditions imposed by the Board upon the medical technologist during
the period of suspension.
Section 26. Reinstatement, Reissue or Replacement of Certificate.
No foreigner shall be admitted to examination, or be
given a certificate of registration or be entitled to any of the rights and privileges under this Act,
unless the country or state of which he is a subject or citizen permits Filipino Medical
Technologist to practice within its territorial limits on the same as the subject or citizens of said
country or state.
Section 27. Foreign Reciprocity
A roster of Medical Technologist shall be
prepared annually by the Secretary of the Board, commencing on the year following that in which
this Act shall become effective. This roster shall contain the name, address and citizenship of
each registered Medical Technologist, date of registration or issuance of certificate, and other
data which in the opinion of the Board are pertinent. The roster shall be open to public inspection
and copies thereof shall be mailed to each person included therein, placed on file in the Office of
the President, furnished all Department Heads and all bureau, offices and instrumentalities of the
Department of Health and to such other offices, private or governmental, and to the public upon
request.
Section 28. Roster of Medical Technologist.
Without prejudice to the provision of the Medical Act of
1959 as amended relating to illegal practice of Medicine, the following shall be punished by a fine
of not less than two thousand pesos nor more than five thousand pesos, or imprisonment for not
less than six months nor more than two years, or both, in the discretion of the court:
a. Any person who shall practice Medical Technology in the Philippines without being
registered or exempted from registration in accordance with the provisions of this Act;
b. Any medical technologist, even if duly registered, who shall practice medical technology
in the Philippines without the necessary supervision of a qualified pathologist or physician
authorized by the Department of Health;
c. Any medical technologist who shall knowingly make a fraudulent laboratory report;
d. Any duly registered medical technologist who shall refuse or fail, after due warning by the
Board to display his certificate of registration in the place where he works;
e. Any person presenting or attempting to use as his own, the certificate of registration of
another;
f. Any person who shall give any false or fraudulent evidence of any kind to the Board or
any member thereof in obtaining a certificate of registration as Medical Technologist;
g. Any person who shall impersonate any registrant of like or the same name;
h. Any person who shall attempt to use a revoked or suspended certificate of registration;
i. Any person who shall in connection with his name or otherwise, assume, use or advertise
any title or description tending to convey the impression that he is a Medical Technologist
without holding a valid certificate of registration;
j. Any person or corporate body who shall allow anyone in his employ who is not a
registered medical technologist/medical laboratory technician to engage in the practice of
medical technology or recommend for appointment anyone to the position of medical
technologist/medical laboratory technician knowing that he is not registered as such.
k. Any person or corporate body who shall violate the rules and regulations of the Board or
orders promulgated by it after having been duly approved and issued by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation of the Commissioner of Civil Service28 for the
purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act.
Section 29. Penal Provisions.
All acts, executive, rules and regulations, or parts
thereof inconsistent with the provisions to any persons or circumstances is declare invalid by a
court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this Act of the application of such provisions to
other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.
Section 30. Separability Clause.
All acts, executive, rules and regulations, or parts thereof
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed: Provided, however, that nothing
in this Act shall be construed as repealing or amending any portion of the Medical Act of 1959
(R.A. 2382, as amended by R.A. 4224), the Clinical Laboratory Act of 1966 (R.A. 4688), and the
Blood Banking Law of 1956 (R.A. 1517)
Section 31. Repealing Clause
This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
Approved, June 21, 1969
Section 32. Effectivity.
Ancient Greek physicians played an important
role in increasing the quality of patient’s life.
300 BC to 180 AD
Known as the Father of Medicine,
- Tasting of urine
- Listening to lungs
- Concluded that
blood, bubbles
and pus in urine
indicates KIDNEY
DISEASE.
Hippocrates
Master of Medicine, Relationship between
fluid intake and urine
volume, Diabetes is “diarrhea of
urine”
Claudius Galen
-the diagnostic
examination of urine
by simple inspection.
-urine samples are
placed in decorative
flasks
Uroscopy (300 BC TO 180 AD)
The first book
detailing the
characteristics of
urine was
written. (color,
density and
quality)
900 AD
correlated the cause
of death of Alexander
Gillani to laboratory
acquired infection
Anne Fagelson (14th century)
Cadaver
dissection and
mechanical
techniques were
used.
18th Century
was recognized as
the Father of
Microscopic
Pathology.
- tissue pathology
Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902)
Measures the Lung
Capacities/Volumes
Spirometer (John Hutchinson)
machines were used for
diagnosis
19th Century
• -invented by Jules Herrison
• -measures blood pressure
SPHYGMOMANOMETER
Was the first to utilize
the microscope in
examining specimens
at the Massachusetts
General Hospital.
Dr. Calvin Ellis (19th Century)
Used laboratory
findings as
preliminary evidence
in diagnosing and
evaluating patient’s
disease
Dr. William Occam (19th Century)
First to apply
clinical
pathology to
medical
diagnosis
William H. Welch
and Michell
Prudden (19th Century)
Introduced and used the
microscope and a blood
-
counting machine in the
hospital laboratory
Dr. William Osler (19th Century)
First hospital to have a
clinical laboratory
John Hopkins Hospital (1896)
Laboratory science was formally
approved as the basis of diagnosing
disease.
1911
