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PMI > PMI: Anatomy Basics > Flashcards

PMI: Anatomy Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit of all living things

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2
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Boundary of the cell

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3
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Gel-like fluid inside the cell

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4
Q

Nucleus

A
  1. Largest structure within the cell
  2. Spherical and centrally located
  3. Contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction
  4. Control center for cellular activity
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5
Q

Chromosomes

A

46 in normal human cells
23 in mature sex cells

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6
Q

Genes

A

Regions within the chromosome that determine hereditary characteristics

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7
Q

Genome

A

Complete set of information in the DNA of a specific organism

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8
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Genetic material that regulates activities of the cell which comprises each gene

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9
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells that perform a specific function

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10
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Composed of cells with special ability to contract, usually producing movement

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11
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Specialized cells responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities

Found in nerves, spinal cord, brain

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12
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Connects, supports, penetrates, and encases body structures

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13
Q

Types of Connective Tissue

A

Adipose, Osseous, Blood

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14
Q

Fibrous Tissue

A

Connective tissue that provides strength and stability (i.e. ligaments and tendons)

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15
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Major covering of the external surface of the body and major tissue in glands

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16
Q

Glandular Tissue

A

Designed to secrete substances such as digestive enzymes

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17
Q

Organs

A

2+ types of tissues that together perform special body functions

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18
Q

Viscera

A

Large internal organs contained in the body cavities, especially in the abdominal cavity

19
Q

System

A

Group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions

20
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin, nails, and glands

21
Q

Integumentary System Functions

A
  1. Forms a protective covering for the body
  2. Regulates body temperature
  3. Manufactures vitamin D
22
Q

Respiratory System

A

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs

23
Q

Respiratory System Function

A

Performs respiration which provides for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body

24
Q

Urinary System

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

25
Q

Urinary System Functions

A
  1. Removes waste material from the body
  2. Regulates fluid volume
  3. Maintains electrolyte concentration
26
Q

Reproductive System

A

Female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands

Male: testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland, associated tubes

27
Q

Reproductive System Function

A

Heredity and reproduction

28
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Heart and blood vessels

29
Q

Cardiovascular System Function

A

Pumps and transports blood throughout body

30
Q

Lymphatic/Immune System

A

Network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs

31
Q

Lymphatic/Immune System Function

A

Provides for defense against infection and drainage of extracellular fluid

32
Q

Digestive System

A

GI tract: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestines, anus

Accessory organs: liver, gallbladder, pancreas

33
Q

Digestive System Function

A

Prepares food for use by the body cells and eliminates waste

34
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

Muscle, bones, and joints

35
Q

Musculoskeletal System Functions

A
  1. Provides movement and framework for the body
  2. Protects vital organs (i.e. brain)
  3. Stores calcium
  4. Produces RBC
36
Q

Nervous System

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory organs (eye, ear)

37
Q

Nervous System Function

A

Regulated specific body activities by sending and receiving messages

38
Q

Endocrine System

A

Glands that secrete hormones

39
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Space inside the skull/cranium containing the brain

40
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

Space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord

41
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and mediastinal area

42
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters

43
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small/large intestines, and anus

44
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Pelvic and abdominal cavities

PMI (9 decks)

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