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Bio 2370 No. 1 > PM: nrg dependent transport > Flashcards

PM: nrg dependent transport Flashcards

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1
Q

How do cells accumulate small hydrohpillic molecules like ions, aa, sugars

A

must be take into cell up their [gradient]

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2
Q

What is required to take ions, aa, sugars through PM

A

nrg and protein transporter

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3
Q

Describe protein transporters

A

highly specific, become saturated at high [] of solute, some can transport solutes out of cytoplasm

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4
Q

nrg dependent systems are divided into 3 categories called

A

primary transport system, secondary and group translocation

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5
Q

What does primary transport system use for nrg

A

ATP as source of nrg

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6
Q

What does secondary transport system use for nrg

A

ion gradient

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7
Q

What does group translocation use as nrg

A

differs from other 2 b/c solute is chemically modified during transport

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8
Q

What is ATP binding cassette system

A

primary transport uses ATP

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9
Q

Fn if SBP

A

SBP binds specifically to a few related solutes

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10
Q

What are the transporters of ABC in gram -ive bacteria

A

they have 2 domains, the peripheral domain is located on the cytoplasmic side of PM, called the nucleotide binding domain. the integral PM domain forms a pore or permease

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11
Q

What is a domain

A

portion of polypeptide with its own tertiary structure and fn

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12
Q

What is the fn of ABC transporters

A

small solutes can pass freely through OM proteins called porins

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13
Q

What happens to the solute once it’s in the periplasm (ABC)

A

solute binds to specific solute binding protein, binding causes SBP to chage confromation, SBP solute complex can now bind to ABC transporter

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14
Q

What happens after SBP solute complex binds to ABC transporter?

A

SBP stimulates ATP hydrolysis by the NBD, providing nrg for uptake of solute, but not the SBP through the transport

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15
Q

What is the ABC like in gram +ive ?

A

SBP is a peripheral protein located on outer surface of PM

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16
Q

Can ABC transpoter be used for export like capsule components

A

yes

17
Q

What is efflux

A

when antibiotics are pumped out of cytoplasm by ABC system, results in antibiotic resisitance

18
Q

What is the major facilitator superfamily MFS

A

secondary transport system

19
Q

What is the structure of the MFS

A

transporter protein has 1 domain that is a permease. nrg is provided by proton gradient

20
Q

What is symport in MFS

A

both proton and solute transported in same direction.

21
Q

What is an eg of symport

A

lactose uptake in E. coli. transporter protein is called LacY

22
Q

Describe the uptake of lactose in E. coli

A

protn and lactose bind to outer surface of LacY, causes conformation change causing both to be released in cytoplasm

23
Q

What is anti port

A

proton is transported in cell, solute transported out. some bacteria use the MFS system for efflux of anitbiotics

24
Q

What are ionophores

A

any substance that increases permeability of membrane to ions

25
Q

What do ionophores result in

A

destruction of proton gradient, cell will die

26
Q

give an example of ionophores

A

gramicidin

27
Q

What is gramicidin

A

antibiotic that form pores in PM. MFS and anything powered by PMF is disrupted

28
Q

What is group translocation

A

glycoylis yields 2 phospho-enol-pyruvate (PEP)

29
Q

What is the phopho-transerase system (PTS) of E. coli used for

A

uptake of sugars as their phospohrylated form

30
Q

What are the PTS components for glucose uptake

A

2 non specific proteins used for uptake of all sugars. both located in the cytoplasm

31
Q

Names of the 2 non specific protein in PTS for glucose uptake

A

E1 enzyme 1 and HPr histinine protein

32
Q

What is E2 (PTS)

A

multicomponent enzyme specific for each sugar

33
Q

In glucose uptake what is E2 comprised of

A

2 portiens, E2A is cytoplasmic. E2BC is composed of 2 domains

34
Q

What are the 2 domains of E2BC

A

E2B is peripheral and E2C is a permease (integral PM protein)

35
Q

What is the nrg needed for PTS glucose uptake

A

PEP phospho-enol-pyruvate

36
Q

Describe the PTS glucose uptake process

A

high nrg phosphate group is transferred from PEP-> E1 -> HPr -> E2A-> E2B-> glucose. after taken upthrough E2C

37
Q

What is useful about group translocation

A

glucose-6-phosphate can enter glycolyis after 1st rxn, one less ATP required

38
Q

Do bacteria have more than one transport system for each solute

A

yes

39
Q

Location of SBP

A

solute bind protein (SBP) are located in the periplasmic space

Bio 2370 No. 1 (16 decks)

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