Anti bacterial compounds that target peptidoglycan

Question 1

What is bacitracin

Answer 1

mixture of polypeptides, prevents dephosphorylation of bactoprenol diphosphate, thus prevents peptidoglycan synthesis

Question 2

What is penicillin

Answer 2

small, size of 2 aa, works by blocking active site of transpeptidase. autolysins contd to open up peptidoglycan, becomes weak, cell lyses

Question 3

What is ampicillin

Answer 3

penicillin w/amino group that gets ionized and has a +ive charge (more hydrophilic)

Question 4

What is vancomycin

Answer 4

large, blocks transpeptidation by binding to pentapeptide which stops transpeptidase from binding. autolysins causes cell lysis

Question 5

what is lysozyme

Answer 5

120 aa residue enzyme found in tears, saliva, lysosomes, hydrolyses bond btwn NAM and NEG causing cell lysis

Question 6

Which antibiotic works well against gram -ive

Answer 6

only ampicillin

Question 7

Which antibiotic works well against gram +ive

Answer 7

all; bacitracin, penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin, and lysozyme

Question 8

What happens when you add gram +ive cells to an isotonic son, with penicillin or lysozyme

Answer 8

peptidoglycan lost and cells round up if they were rods, cells are now protoplast. can still grow

Question 9

what does a 15% sucrose sln mean

Answer 9

15g of sugar and water added up to 100ml

Question 10

What happens when you add gram -ive cells to an isotonic son, with ampicillin

Answer 10

peptidoglycan will be fragments, trapped under OM, those cells will also round up if they were rods. called spheroplast

Question 11

What happens if you add protoplast or spheroplast to a hypotonic sln

Answer 11

it will lyse