Pluralism Flashcards
‘*I am the Way, the Truth and the… *
… Life. No one comes to the Father except through me’ - John 14:6
What does John 14:6 support
An exclusivist position, meaning others from different religions, atheism or those predating Christ are excluded
The aligns with Augustine
Liberalism
Belief in more progressive ideas - in this context means allowing other religions to be right
Inter-faith dialogue
Dialogue in between faiths, not in the attempt convert but to understand - emerged off the back of Vatican II
Pluralism
All religions lead to God, none are better or faster
Vatican II
A meeting within the Church (1962-1965), which arrived at the conclusion that other religions weren’t heretical, even atheistic ones like Buddhism
Restrictive access
Only some will go to heaven
Universal access
Everyone can get into heaven
Three main approaches to Christian salvation
Pluralism
Exclusivism (Particularism)
Inclusivism
Exclusivism
Salvation can be found solely through Christ
What two types of Exclusivism are there
Narrow and Broad
Narrow Exclusivism
It’s not enough to be Christian, but you have to be the right type
Augustine and Calvin believed this
Found in much Catholic scholarship in the phrase ‘There is no salvation outside the Church’
D’Costa’s two groups of Exclusivism
Restrictive access
Universal access
Restrictive access
Followed by those like Calvin, arguing Christ is the only way to salvation and that hearing Gospel is essential in order to be a candidate for heaven
A vital component is the focus on the Elect. All scripture to support this view is focused on them and means those outside the Elect can and will not be saved
Scripture is:
John 14:6
Acts 4:12
Corinthians 5:18
‘There is salvation for…
… no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among mortals by which we must be saved’ - Acts 4:12
‘All this from God, who…
… reconciled us to himself through Christ, and has given us the ministry of reconciliation; that is, Christ God was reconciling the world to himself’ Corinthians 5:18
Universal access
They do not consider the Restrictive access Biblical quotes relate only to the Elect
Not universalism but rather claims anyone can be saved, however only through the Church
Scripture:
1 Timothy 2:3-6 (abridged)
‘This is right and is acceptable…
… in the sight of God our Saviour, who desires everyone to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth… Christ Jesus, himself human, gave himself a ransom for all’ - 1 Timothy 2:3-6 (abridged)
Hendrick Kraemer
Non-Christians cannot achieve salvation through their own faiths but have to convert to Christianity
God’s revelation can be seen by others outside the Christian faith (they can know what God is like, creative etc) but will not find salvation