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PTE > Moral Principles > Flashcards

Moral Principles Flashcards

1
Q

Pope on rules and knowledge

A

We must be careful not to dismiss the rules because we think we know better

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2
Q

Tillich on rules

A

Rules are not meant to be slavishly adhered to

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3
Q

Pope on understanding love

A

To understand love is to understand the laws in their true meaning

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4
Q

Mouw on laws

A

The law of love does not necessarily hold greater weight than other laws

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5
Q

Concern about temptation

A

How does one avoid using love to justify illicit relationships?

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6
Q

Potential dangers of love as a principle

A

Could lead to selfish and individualistic actions, breaking important rules

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7
Q

Support for co-operation

A

Loving many individuals requires co-operation, communally and perhaps democratically

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8
Q

Agape as an ethical principle

A

Powerful and self-sacrificial, but complex and requiring justice and wisdom as part of it

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9
Q

Pope Francis on recognising human dignity in ‘The Joy of Love’

A

“Love inspires a sincere esteem for every human being and the recognition of his or her own right to happiness”

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10
Q

Exodus 20:17

A

“You shall not covet your neighbour’s wife”

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11
Q

Love in commandments

A

Love means fulfilling the last 2 commandments of God’s law

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12
Q

Pope Francis on compassionate approach

A

Advocates for a compassionate approach, acknowledging both wisdom in rules and realism in difficulties

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13
Q

Pope Francis on authority in ‘The Joy of Love’

A

“Nor it is helpful to try to impose rules by sheer authority”

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14
Q

Pope Francis on authority in ‘The Joy of Love’

A

“Nor it is helpful to try to impose rules by sheer authority”

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15
Q

G.K Chesterton’s quote

A

“Tradition is the democracy of the dead”

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16
Q

Risk of agape application

A

Taking agape love too far could be overly permissive

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17
Q

Tillich on rules and love

A

Rules have some bearing but must always be interpreted through love, balanced with the wisdom of moral rules as a corrective to subjectivity

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18
Q

Tillich on individual deliberation

A

Moral action is where individuals actualise themselves as persons, giving ultimate authority to the individual’s own deliberations

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19
Q

Tillich on traditional laws

A

“Laws of religions, nations, and society embody traditional laws” and should not be applied abstractly to every situation

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20
Q

Tillich on the voice of situations

A

Each situation has its own voice that cries out, which can be heard if driven by love

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21
Q

Tillich on moral situations

A

Love needs to act in the immediate, concrete moral situation, not hypotheticals

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22
Q

Paul Tillich in ‘Ethical Principles of Moral Action’

A

Critical of Christian moral decision-making that follows rules, calling it Moral Puritanism

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23
Q

Dimensions of agape love

A

Agape includes eros – love of the true, good, and beautiful; philia – love of friendship and trust; libido – sexual love

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24
Q

Paul Tillich on love’s connection

A

Love is a continuous desire to break through isolation connected to every person

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25
Paul Tillich on ethics
Ethical norms such as justice, love, and wisdom should work together. Love is most important, guided by wisdom and having justice as its backbone
26
Rudolf Bultmann quote
"God is love" is more than an idea, it is concrete content. "God forgives sin"
27
Rudolf Bultmann on Christian morality
The challenge is to move beyond laws and judgements to forgiveness based on love
28
Prophetic Christianity
Insists on the ideal of love in morality – ultimate law of life is love
29
Orthodox Christianity
Denies relevance of love in ordinary moral matters, reducing morality to conformity of tradition
30
1 John 4:8
"God is love"
31
1 Corinthians 13:13
"faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love"
32
1 Corinthians 13:4-8
"Love is patient, love is kind… it does not dishonour others"
33
Luke 6:35
"But love your enemies"
34
Mark 12:28-31
"Love your neighbour as yourself"
35
What is an example provided by the Catholic Church regarding not dismissing rules?
Artificial contraception.
36
What is the Catholic Church's stance on following rules?
It’s not that we need to slavishly follow rules but rather that we shouldn’t dismiss them because we think we know better.
37
How do Tillich and the Pope's views on love differ from Fletcher's?
They believe we need scripture to help us understand what love is.
38
What does Fletcher believe about love?
We know what love is without the need for scripture.
39
What insight does Tillich provide about rules?
An insight into the past about what love is.
40
What is Tillich's view on rules in ethics?
Rules don’t themselves carry any weight and shouldn’t be slavishly adhered to.
41
How did Calvin align with Augustinian theology?
Calvin focused on the sovereignty of God and believed in predestination, aligning with Augustinian deep humility.
42
Which theological stance is seen as more authentic by Protestants?
Protestants view Augustine as a more authentic Christian than Aquinas.
43
What was Cardinal Newman’s stance on reason?
Cardinal Newman thought reason was arrogant and prioritized conscience, considered to be God-given, over human logic.
44
What is Divine Law according to Aquinas?
Scripture that tells us things about God that reason alone cannot discern.
45
How did Aquinas view the role of reason in understanding God?
Aquinas believed that reason alone was not sufficient and that revelation was also necessary due to human fallibility.
46
What was Augustine's view on reason and conscience?
Augustine believed that conscience is God giving you knowledge you cannot hope to possess without Him and that relying on human reason is a sign of arrogance.
47
What was the Pelagian controversy?
It claimed that human beings weren’t corrupted by the fall and can do good without divine intervention.
48
What did the Council of Carthage in 418 state?
Without God, man can do no good.
49
What was the Council of Trent known for?
Issuing the Canon that defined the authoritative books of the Bible, including the Apocrypha in some Catholic Bibles.
50
What does 'Evangelical' mean etymologically?
Derived from 'eu' (good) and 'angelion' (news), meaning 'good news' or 'gospel'.
51
Why do some Christians believe in the inerrancy of scripture?
They believe the Bible is free from error, directly inspired by God, valuable for moral guidance.
52
What is the principle of Agape in Christianity?
The idea that love (agape) is the central Christian ethical principle, underpinning all teachings of Jesus.
53
What concept did Tillich emphasize regarding Christian ethical principles?
He suggested that rules should not be slavishly adhered to but seen as insights into what love is.
54
What does 'Sola Scriptura' mean?
A belief that the Bible is the only source of authority for Christians, primarily held by Protestants.
55
Who was John Calvin?
A Protestant theologian with Augustinian beliefs, particularly in predestination and the sovereignty of God.
56
What is 'Christian reason' and its critique?
The use of reason to understand moral knowledge, though criticized by Augustine and others who argue it shows arrogance.
57
What is the doctrine of Papal infallibility?
The belief that the Pope is divinely inspired and his interpretations are infallible.
58
What is Apostolic Succession?
The succession of messengers in the Church, with each apostle passing on their knowledge through chosen successors.
59
How do Catholics view scripture and tradition?
Tradition first, scripture second. Oral traditions were safeguarded before being written down, with the Church as the guardian of the message.
60
How do Methodists view scripture?
As an account of the early Church’s authenticity, placing scripture behind tradition for an example of true early Christian practice.
61
What is Prima Scriptura?
A principle asserting that scripture comes first, but tradition is important for correctly interpreting it.
62
How do Anglicans view scripture?
As a guiding tool to help the community reflect on its teachings, prioritized over tradition but used collectively for interpretation.
63
What is the Bible's role in Christian moral principles according to Evangelicals?
The Bible is taken literally and trusted to provide straightforward moral guidance without additional interpretation.
64
What is Non-propositional knowledge?
Knowledge gained through personal experience and practical engagement, like procedural knowledge.
65
What is Propositional knowledge?
Knowledge about knowing or accepting that something is so with truth value, conveyed through language.
66
What are the five key questions Richard Hays raises about Biblical hermeneutics?
Accuracy of texts, range of texts, particular selections, text management, and focal images.
67
What is Hermeneutics?
The study of how we ought to interpret the Bible.
68
Who are Karl Barth and Dietrich Bonhoeffer?
Theologians influenced by the happenings in Germany, who saw human error in religion.
69
How did Barth view human understanding of God?
Barth felt humans can’t be trusted to understand God and His will, advocating for listening to God's guidance.
70
What was Bonhoeffer’s approach to Christianity?
Put more power into the hands of individuals, shifting away from institutional religion.
71
What was Karl Barth's view on Bonhoeffer's approach?
He believed Bonhoeffer’s approach contained too much of his own work.
72
Who was Karl Barth?
A fideist theologian who denied human ability to understand God.
73
Amanuensis
Literal word of God
74
Self-authenticating
When read, it make sense and no one is required to interpret it

PTE (12 decks)

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