Pleural infections managment Flashcards
1
Q
Who is at risk of pleural infection
A
- Diabetes
- immunocompromised
- GORD
- Alchol misuse
- Drug abuse
2
Q
What are the types of pleural effusions
A
- Simple para-pneumonic
- Complicated para-pneumonic
- Empeyma
3
Q
Treatment for simple-para pneumonic effusioon
A
- Usually no - can be left along
- Might give antibiotics
- Might require drainage
- but if small than a few cm then no-one
4
Q
What is the general management of a complicated effusion
A
- Antibiotics
- Drainage
- Early discussion with surgeon incase persistent
- VTE - prophylactics
- Fibrinolytics IV - will improve chest drianage
5
Q
What are the upper-respiratory tract colonisers
A
Gram +ve
- a-haemolytic - Strepp. pneumoniea
- b- haemolytic Strepp- pyogens
- Staphloccous aurous
Gram -ve
- Haemophilus influenza
- Morazella catarrhalis
6
Q
What is the bateria that cause Whooping cough
A
Brodetilla pertusis
7
Q
Who gets Whooping cough
A
- Babies below 1 year old
- New borns - high rates
8
Q
Describe the bacteria brodettella pertussis
A
- Gram -ve cocobacillus
- Airbone droplet transmission
- Intubation 7-10 days and infectious for 1-3 weeks
9
Q
What is the infection time-line for whooping cough
A
Exposure - 7-10 days - Symptoms starts - 1 week minor flu like symptoms with runny nose, cough and mild fever - after 2 weeks violet coughing spells and vommitting
10
Q
How do we Diagnose Whooping cough
A
- Bacterial culture- peri-nasal swab
- PRC
- Serology
- History - Cough for more than 2 weeks with either coughing porosxysms, whooping, vommiting or apnea in babies
11
Q
What is the treatment for whooping cough
A
- Below 1 year = Clarithromysin
- Above 1 years = either Clarithromysin or Azythromycin
- Pregnancy = Erythromysin
- Must treat with antibiotics if cough lasts for more thn 21 days
