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MIP 260 > Platyhelminthes > Flashcards

Platyhelminthes Flashcards

1
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • tear drop fluke covered in scales
  • swim to surface and drop down
  • eating undercooked fish
  • small intestine encystment
A

Heterophyes heterophes

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2
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • rickettsial diease in dogs that ingest raw salmon
  • lives in small intestinge
  • example of hyperparasitism (rickettsial –> bacteria in trematode)
  • no sporpcysts, rediae, metacercariae in kidneys fins and muscles, racoons and skunks DH
A

Nanophyetus salmincola

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3
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • bile ducts of liver in cattle, sheep, pigs, etc.
  • vitellaria middle third of body
  • ANTs climb to top of leaves and eat vegetation “mind control”
    eggs –> snail –> slime ball (cercariae) –> ant (metacercariae) –> cattle
A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum “lancet fluke”

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4
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

plagiorchiida – small eggs, adults do not look like each other
dicrocoelidae – liver flukes, terrestrial or semi-terrestrial, pointy ends

A

Other types of digeneans

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5
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • rectum and bladder of amphibians

- HUGE posterior sucker

A

Megalodiscus temperatus

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6
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • pair of disks (diverticula) in the oral sucker/pocketed structures
A

Diplidiscidae

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7
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • parasite of beavers
  • metacercariae on sticks at bottom of pong
  • in stomach of beaver
A

Stichorchis subtriquetrus

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8
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • rumen of domestic animals
  • conical, pink when living white when fixed
  • metacercariae encyst on aquatic vegetation (no 2nd intermediate host)
  • penetrate gut
  • secondary bacterial infection
A

Paraphistomum cervi

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9
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • deformities in frogs
  • first IH snail
  • rapid angular swimming
  • DH birds badgers
A

Ribeiroia ondatrae

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10
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • large, lead shaped mammals (herbivores)
  • tegument with scales/spines
  • acetabulum close to oral sucker
  • LOTs of vitellaria
  • liver of mammals
A

Fasciolidae

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11
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • collar of spines
  • aquatic host/environment
  • ingesting raw clams
A

Echinostoma

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12
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • one oral sucker
  • oral sucker and ventral at posterior end
  • oral sucker and ventral somewhere else
A

Monostome, Amphistome, and Distome Differences

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13
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

eggs
miracidia
sporocysts --> rediae
cercaraie
metacercariae cyst

miracicia and cercaraie have more variety in sensory organs because they must find a host

some eggs have operculum

no cyst of operculum on egg in blood flukes

A

Life Cycle of Digenean Trematode

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14
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • LOW specificity
  • 1st intermediate host mollusc, 2nd or 3rd varies
  • economic costs and medically important
  • flattened, powerful oral sucker and sometimes ventral sucker
  • tegument, spiny, muscular, orthogon nervous system
A

Digenaen Trematodes “flukes”

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15
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • bile ducts of rays in atlantic ocean

- lobsters and other crustaceans

A

Stichocotyle nephrosis

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16
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • ventral sucker waffle
  • eggs hatch in molluscan host
  • can develop in host (no need for further migration)
A

Aspidogaster conchicola

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17
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

eggs –> larvae (cotylocidia)

A

Reproductive Cycle of Aspidobothria

18
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

huge ventral sucker that looks like a waffle

multinucleated outer coat

nourish ovaries like egg yolk

A

Opisthaptor, Tegument, Vitelline Cells

19
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • most direct life cycles
  • loose parasitic relationship with mollusks
  • facultative/obligitory parasites of fish or turtles
  • low importance
  • opisthaptor
  • tegument
  • monecious
A

Aspidobothria Trematodes

20
Q

Reverse Platyhelminthes

  • no body cavity
  • distinct anterior end, bilaterally symmetrical
  • mostly parasitic, thrive in many different environments
  • unable to make fatty acids (explains why parasitic)
  • most of body it mass of parenchyma (fibers and cells for storing food and secreting waste) and muscle
  • ladder-like nervous system with paired ganglia
  • nutrients and waste taken in and eliminated by mouth (digestive system sac)
  • monecious –> schistosomes = exception
A

Platyhelminthes “Flat Worm”

21
Q

Heterophyes heterophes

A
  • tear drop fluke covered in scales
  • swim to surface and drop down
  • eating undercooked fish
  • small intestine encystment
22
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola

A
  • rickettsial diease in dogs that ingest raw salmon
  • lives in small intestinge
  • example of hyperparasitism (rickettsial –> bacteria in trematode)
  • no sporpcysts, rediae, metacercariae in kidneys fins and muscles, racoons and skunks DH
23
Q

Dicrocoelium dendriticum “lancet fluke”

A
  • bile ducts of liver in cattle, sheep, pigs, etc.
  • vitellaria middle third of body
  • ANTs climb to top of leaves and eat vegetation “mind control”
    eggs –> snail –> slime ball (cercariae) –> ant (metacercariae) –> cattle
24
Q

Other types of digeneans

A

plagiorchiida – small eggs, adults do not look like each other
dicrocoelidae – liver flukes, terrestrial or semi-terrestrial, pointy ends

25
Q

Megalodiscus temperatus

A
  • rectum and bladder of amphibians

- HUGE posterior sucker

26
Q

Diplidiscidae

A
  • pair of disks (diverticula) in the oral sucker/pocketed structures
27
Q

Stichorchis subtriquetrus

A
  • parasite of beavers
  • metacercariae on sticks at bottom of pong
  • in stomach of beaver
28
Q

Paraphistomum cervi

A
  • rumen of domestic animals
  • conical, pink when living white when fixed
  • metacercariae encyst on aquatic vegetation (no 2nd intermediate host)
  • penetrate gut
  • secondary bacterial infection
29
Q

Ribeiroia ondatrae

A
  • deformities in frogs
  • first IH snail
  • rapid angular swimming
  • DH birds badgers
30
Q

Fasciolidae

A
  • large, lead shaped mammals (herbivores)
  • tegument with scales/spines
  • acetabulum close to oral sucker
  • LOTs of vitellaria
  • liver of mammals
31
Q

Echinostoma

A
  • collar of spines
  • aquatic host/environment
  • ingesting raw clams
32
Q

Monostome, Amphistome, and Distome Differences

A
  • one oral sucker
  • oral sucker and ventral at posterior end
  • oral sucker and ventral somewhere else
33
Q

Life Cycle of Digenean Trematode

A 
eggs
miracidia
sporocysts --> rediae
cercaraie
metacercariae cyst

miracicia and cercaraie have more variety in sensory organs because they must find a host

some eggs have operculum

no cyst of operculum on egg in blood flukes

34
Q

Digenaen Trematodes “flukes”

A
  • LOW specificity
  • 1st intermediate host mollusc, 2nd or 3rd varies
  • economic costs and medically important
  • flattened, powerful oral sucker and sometimes ventral sucker
  • tegument, spiny, muscular, orthogon nervous system
35
Q

Stichocotyle nephrosis

A
  • bile ducts of rays in atlantic ocean

- lobsters and other crustaceans

36
Q

Aspidogaster conchicola

A
  • ventral sucker waffle
  • eggs hatch in molluscan host
  • can develop in host (no need for further migration)
37
Q

Reproductive Cycle of Aspidobothria

A

eggs –> larvae (cotylocidia)

38
Q

Opisthaptor, Tegument, Vitelline Cells

A

huge ventral sucker that looks like a waffle

multinucleated outer coat

nourish ovaries like egg yolk

39
Q

Aspidobothria Trematodes

A
  • most direct life cycles
  • loose parasitic relationship with mollusks
  • facultative/obligitory parasites of fish or turtles
  • low importance
  • opisthaptor
  • tegument
  • monecious
40
Q

Platyhelminthes “Flat Worm”

A
  • no body cavity
  • distinct anterior end, bilaterally symmetrical
  • mostly parasitic, thrive in many different environments
  • unable to make fatty acids (explains why parasitic)
  • most of body it mass of parenchyma (fibers and cells for storing food and secreting waste) and muscle
  • ladder-like nervous system with paired ganglia
  • nutrients and waste taken in and eliminated by mouth (digestive system sac)
  • monecious –> schistosomes = exception

MIP 260 (13 decks)

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