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Blood > Platelets And Capillaries 10/4 > Flashcards

Platelets And Capillaries 10/4 Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of platelets

A
  1. Monitor blood vessel integrity
  2. Clot formation
  3. Tissue repair
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2
Q

What stimulates the maturation of a megakaryoblast to a megakaryocyte?

A

Thrombopoeitin from liver & kidneys

By stimulating endomitosis

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3
Q

What are the components of the platelet structural zone (3)?

A

Microtubules

Actin

Myosin II

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4
Q

What are the 2 components of the membrane systems?

A
  1. Open canalicular system - forms from platelet demarcation channels. Facilitates release of granule contents
  2. Dense tubular system - storage of Ca2+ ions. Not connected to surface
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5
Q

What three things does the organelle zone contain centrally?

A

Mitochondria

Glycogen

Granules

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6
Q

What do alpha granules contain? (5)

A

Fibrinogen

Coagulation factors

Plasminogen

Platelet derived growth factor

Tissue growth factor

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7
Q

What do delta granules contain?

A

ADP

serotonin

Histamine

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8
Q

What do lambda granules contain?

A

Lysosomal hydrolases

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9
Q

What are the glycogen granules used for?

A

Energy source.

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10
Q

Which protein in the glycocalyx is the receptor for Vonwillebrand factor?

A

Gp1b

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11
Q

What is the function of seratonin?

A

Vasoconstriction

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12
Q

What do platelets bind to on damaged endothelial cell basal lamina?

A

Type IV collagen via actin derived pseudopods

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13
Q

What is the function of ADP released from delta granules?

A

attracts more platelets, stimulates degranulation

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14
Q

What is released from the PM that promote aggregation, degranulation, and vasoconstriction?

A

Thromboxane A2

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15
Q

What is released from phospholipids in the PM to synthesize arachadonic acid?

A

Phospholipase A2

Blocked by cortisol and saids

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16
Q

What converts fibrinogen converted to fibrin and where does this happen?

A

Thrombin

On the glycocalyx

17
Q

What does the injured endothelium release to convert plasminogen to plasmin?

A

t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator)

18
Q

What are capillaries composed of? (2)

A
  1. Single layer of simple squamous endothelium

2. Basement membrane

19
Q

What 2 prothombogenic agents does the injured endothelium secrete?

A
  1. Von willebrand factor: platelet adhesion and activation

2. Tissue factors (VII): blood coagulation

20
Q

What does the injured endothelium secrete to stimulate smooth muscle contraction and proliferation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts to REPAIR the vessel?

A

ENDOTHELINS (peptide hormones)

21
Q

What are the 2 antithrombogenic agents that intact/normal endothelium secretes?

A
  1. Prostacyclin (PGI2): inhibits platelet adhesion

2. Nitric oxide (NO): inhibits wbc adhesion

Blood (13 decks)

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