plants and their functions Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is when green plants make their food from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light.
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What type of reaction is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction that absorbs energy from the surroundings.
How do plants absorb water for photosynthesis?
The roots of a plant absorb water from the soil, and the xylem transports the water from the roots to the leaves.
What role do stomata play in photosynthesis?
Stomata allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaves and oxygen to exit.
What is the function of phloem in plants?
Phloem is the plant tissue that transports glucose around the plant.
What do plants use glucose for?
Plants use glucose to make fats and oils, for respiration, to convert into starch, to make amino acids, and to produce cellulose.
What happens to plants with variegated leaves?
Variegated leaves have less chlorophyll, leading to less light absorption, reduced photosynthesis, and stunted growth.
What are limiting factors of photosynthesis?
Limiting factors are factors that slow down the rate of photosynthesis, including temperature, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and the amount of chlorophyll.
How does temperature affect photosynthesis?
As temperature increases, photosynthesis increases up to its optimum temperature, but decreases if the temperature is too high.
What is the inverse square law in relation to light intensity?
The distance from the lamp and light intensity are inversely proportional; if you halve the distance, the light intensity will be 4 times greater.
What is transpiration?
Transpiration is the evaporation of water vapor through the stomata in the leaves.
What factors affect the rate of transpiration?
Factors include temperature, airflow, humidity, and light intensity.
What is translocation in plants?
Translocation is the movement of sugar up and down the plant.
What are the adaptations of root hair cells?
Root hair cells have a large surface area, thin walls for short diffusion distance, and many mitochondria for energy release.