Plants

Question 0

What is phototropism?what is the negative and positive response?

Answer 0

Response to light , positive shoot response , negative root response

Question 1

What is geotropism and what is the response of the plant ?

Answer 1

Tropism to gravity , positive root response , negative shoot response

Question 2

What is hydrotropism ? What is positive and negative ?

Answer 2

Response to water , positive root response , no shoot response

Question 3

What is a tropism?

Answer 3

A directional growth movement made by a part of a stationary plant in response to unilateral stimulus

Question 4

Why is geotropism important?

Answer 4

The roots find water and mineral salts in the earth , they also stabilise the plant

Question 5

Experiment for geotropism ?

Answer 5

Grow seeds in different directions and put the seed dish vertical. All of the roots will grow down and shoots will grow up no matter where they are

Clinostat

Question 6

Importance of phototropism?

Answer 6

Maximises photosynthesis , negative root response orientates plant

Question 7

Importance of hydrotropism

Answer 7

Locate water for photosynthesis

Question 8

Which part of the plant is responsible for growth hormones ?how do you know this ?

Answer 8

The tip_coleoptiles

If you remove the coleoptile and put it on another plant , that plant will grow

Question 9

What happens if the coleoptile is covered ?

Answer 9

The plant wont bend but will grow

Question 10

What is the hormone released by the coleoptile called ?

Answer 10

Auxin

Question 11

What does auxin stimulate ?

Answer 11

Growth

Question 12

Can auxin diffuse through an agar block and still work ?

Answer 12

Yes auxin is water soluble

Question 13

Learn the mother fucking cross section of a leaf

Answer 13

Okay

Question 14

If a leaf is growing in a dry environment what adaptations would you expect ?

Answer 14

• waxy surface prevent excess transpiration
• fewer stomata
• smaller leaves
• deep roots

Question 15

In plants what is nitrate used for ?

Answer 15

Making amino acids and protein

Question 16

What is magnesium used for in plants?

Answer 16

Chlorophyll production

Question 17

What are sulphates used for ?

Answer 17

Dna production

Question 18

structure and adaptation of the waxy cuticle

Answer 18

Thin and waxy layer on too of the leaf , reduces water loss via transpiration

Question 19

Upper and lower epidermis : structure and adaptation

Answer 19

Relatively transparent and few chloroplasts . Allows light to pass through into the palisade cells

Question 20

Palisade mesophyll : structure and adaption

Answer 20

Elongated shape contains hundreds of chloroplasts

Question 21

Spongy mesophyll : structure and adaptations

Answer 21

Loosely packed cells leave air spaces . Allows gasses to diffuse in and out of the mesophyll

Question 22

Stomata : stricture and adaptations

Answer 22

A gap between guard cells , only on lower epidermis.allows co2 in and o2 and h2o out and can alter shape to open or close

Question 23

What are the molecules required for photosynthesis ?

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 24

Do the products of photosynthesis contain more or less energy than the reactants ?

Answer 24

More

Question 25

Why is glucose stored as starch ?

Answer 25

- takes up less space - stored more easil - not water soluble

Question 26

What do you test for starch with ?

Answer 26

Iodine

Question 27

what are the factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis ?

Answer 27

- co2 concentration - light intensity - temperature

Question 28

What are the products of photosynthesis ? And where do they go ?

Answer 28

Glucose and oxygen- the glucose is either stored as starch , used to make cellulose , used in respiration Oxygen is released , used a bit in respiration

Question 29

What do the graphs of the limiting factors of photosynthesis look like ?

Answer 29

Light intensity - goes up but reaches a plateau Carbon dioxide - ^^^^^ Temperature- goes up then down

Question 30

Why is light a limiting factor ?

Answer 30

Even if there is load sof co2 and h2o the plant still will be unable to photosynthesise fast with out light intensity

Question 31

Why is co2 a limiting factor ?

Answer 31

Carbon dioxide is required compound for photosynthesis ... A reactant

Question 32

Why is temperature a limiting factor ?

Answer 32

To cold and photosynthesis is slow.., to high and enzymes denature

Question 33

Limiting factors of transpiration ?

Answer 33

Light intensity , humidity , wind , temperature , atmospheric pressure and water supply

Question 34

How does light affect transpiration ?

Answer 34

Light intensity stimulates the stomatas to open, more photosynthesis and more co2 needed ... More transpiration

Question 35

How does humidity affect transpiration ?

Answer 35

Higher humidity less transpiration ... Higher water concentration in air means less diffusion

Question 36

How does wind affect transpiration rate ?

Answer 36

When there is wind the water vapour is released meaning more transpiration and diffusion takes place going down the concentration gradient

Question 37

How does temperature affect the rate of transpiration ?

Answer 37

Higher temperature more water evaporates , diffusion faster in higher temps

Question 38

How does atmospheric pressure affect diffusion ?

Answer 38

Fewer particles around plant more diffuse out

Question 39

What is the xylem ?

Answer 39

Tissue made up of the cell walls of dead cells . It transports water and dissolved mineral ions up the plant

Question 40

What is the phloem ?

Answer 40

The phloem tissue is made of living cells . Transports sucrose and amino acids around the plant in Bother directions

Question 41

On a cross diagram of a stem .. Where is the xylem | And phloem

Answer 41

Vascular bundles... Xylem inside , phloem outside , pith is the middle , cortex outer

Question 42

Phloem structure ?

Answer 42

Perforated walls , two way flow , living cell tissue

Question 43

What is a potometer ?

Answer 43

A device that measure the rate of transpiration

Question 44

what are the limitations of a potometer ?

Answer 44

Measure water uptake ( some water used in other things ) - cutting the plant shoot may damage the plant - plant has no roots not realistic

Question 45

What is a xerophyte ?

Answer 45

Plants that are adapted to live in dry areas

Question 46

Adaptations of xerophytes ?

Answer 46

- thick waxy cuticle - hair , traps layer of air , prevent transp - rolled leaves less surface area available

Question 47

What is the effect of transpiration?

Answer 47

- it draws water up the stems | - has a cooling effect

Question 48

A potometer can be used for ?

Answer 48

- measuring water uptake in a plant - rate of transpiration - compare rate of transpiration

Question 49

What is osmosis ?

Answer 49

The movement of water down a concentration gradient through a partially permeable Membrane

Question 50

How do you set up a potometer ?

Answer 50

1) cut a leafy shoot underwater 2) insert the leafy shoot 3) fill the potometer with coloured water and fit the stopper 4) seal all of the connections in the aparatus 5) create an air bubble in the tube 6) measure the movement of the water