Plant structures and their Functions Flashcards
how are photosynthetic organisms the main producers of food?
- energy from sun to make glucose
- larger complex molecules made
- make up organisms biomass
- goes through food chain
- SO main producers
is photosynthesis is endothermic or exothermic reaction?
- endothermic
- energy is taken in
what is the equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water. — light — glucose + oxygen
what are the listing factors of photosynthesis and what happens if they aren’t there?
- light intensity, Co2, temperature
- stops photosynthesis
what is the method for investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis?
- empty gas syringe attached to conical flask with pondweed and sodium hydrogen carbonate
- source of white light set at certain distance
- pond weed left to synthesis
- oxygen will collect in syringe
- repeated with light at different distances
- volume produced/ time
what does the inverse square law mean?
if you halve the distance, the light intensity will be 4x greater.
if you double the distance the light intensity will be 4x smaller
what is the inverse square law equation?
1/d”2
d= distance
how is the root hair cells adapted to absorb water and mineral ions?
- large surface area
- millions of microscopic hairs
how is xylem structure adapted to its function in the plant?
- no ends to allow water and minerals to travel through from roots to stems and leaves
- made of dead cells
how is phloem structure adapted to its function in the plant?
- made of living cells
- transport food substances
- from leaves to rest of plant
how is water and mineral ions transported through he plant using transpiration?
- happens at leaves
- caused by evaporation and diffusion
- loss of water in leaves means more is brought up from roots
- so constant water supply in plant
- comes through xylem vessels
what is stomata used for? and where is it?
- small pores on plant
- allow oxygen and CO2 to diffuse
why are stomata surround by guard cells?
-guard cells change shape to control the size of the pore
how does the environment effect transpiration rate? (rate of water taken up by a plant)
- light intensity- want brighter light
- temperature- warmer faster
- air flow- better air flow around leaf
how can you estimate transpiration rate?
- use a potometer
- it assumes that water uptake is directly related to water loss
- time air bubble up tube
