PLANT STRUCTURES AND FUNTIONS Flashcards
Most plants have _____ ______, _____, _____, and _______.
green leaves, stems, roots, and flowers
first invented microscope was not useful (blurry & indiscernible details)
1500
When did Anton van Leeuwenhoek made the microscope?
1632-1723
an English Physicist made significant discovery with the
microscope (2 lenses)—using a cork he identified dead cells
Robert Hooke
Scottish botanist first identified and named the cells NUCLEUS
Robert Brown
Biologist concluded that all organisms are composed of cells
Late 1830’s
German biologists Matthias Schleiden, a botanist (1838) and
Theodor Schwann, a zoologist published papers that is now
known as?
CELL THEORY
stated all plants composed of cells
Matthias Schleiden
stated all animals also composed of cells – thus claimed all living things composed of cells
Theodor Schwann
stated all cells come from preexisting cells
Rudolf Virchow
stated all cells existing today originated from ancient cells
August Weismann
All organisms are made up of _____.
cells
the basic unit of structure and function in all organisms
cells
All cells come from cells that already ____.
exist
All plant cells have the same basic __________ ____________
eukaryotic organization
Contains many __________ with specific functions
organelles
Enclosed by a membrane which defines their __________
boundaries
Plants cells has presence of ____ ____
Cell Wall
animal cell have no?
cell wall, plastid, chloroplast
plant cell: rectangular
animal cell?
round
centrioles is always present in?
animal cell
centrioles of plant cell is only present in?
lower plant forms
taking up 90% of the cell volume at the central part of plant cell
singular or small if found in animal cell
Vacuole
Plasma Membrane in animal cell: Cell Membrane only
in plant cell?
Cell Membrane + Cell Wall
for protection; for photosynthesis
cell wall
main component of cell wall
Cellulose
a glue like substance that holds cellulose fibrils together
Hemicellulose
Cell walls are held together by?
MIDDLE LAMELLA
middle lamella is made up of?
Cellulose, Xyloglucan, Pectin, Proteins, Ca2+ ions, Lignin, Water & other ions
the organic material that gives stiffness to fruit jellies
Pectin
proteins associated with sugar
Glycoprotein
composed of cellulose deposited between the primary cell wall and plasma membrane to render support, strength and protection
Secondary cell walls
- tiny strands of cytoplasm that extends between cell openings
- Where transfer of sugar, ions, & other substances occur
PLASMODESMATA (sing. PLASMODESMA)
are permeable it allows movement of water &dissolved substances in & out of the cell
CELL WALLS & Middle lamellae
- consists of all of the contents outside of the nucleus and enclosed within the cell membrane of a cell
- It is clear in color and has a gel-like appearance
- composed mainly of water but also contains enzymes, salts, organelles, and various organic molecules
CYTOPLASM