plant structure/growth

Question 1

what type of roots are there? (3)

Answer 1

taproots, fibrous roots, root hairs

Question 2

what plant do taproots support and what are they favorable for?

Answer 2

-tall erect plants with large shoot masses

-favorable for light, pollen, seed dispersal, and specialized food storage

Question 3

what types of roots form from evolutionary adaptations? (5)

Answer 3

1) prop roots
2) storage roots
3) pneumatophores
4) buttress
5) strangling aerial roots

Question 4

what do pneumatophores do?

Answer 4

obtain oxygen during low tide

Question 5

what plants do buttress roots support?

Answer 5

supports trunk of trees in moist, tropic conditions

Question 6

what do stems do for plants?

Answer 6

-elongate over time

-orient shoot to maximize photosynthesis

-bear leaves

-elevate reproduction structures

Question 7

what are some adaptations in stems?

Answer 7

tubers: food storage

stolons: horizontal shoots along ground, asexual reproduction

Question 8

what do leaves do?

Answer 8

exchange gas, dissipate heat, defends plant, promotes photosynthesis

Question 9

what are the adaptations of leaves? (4)

Answer 9

tendrils: helps lasso/coil to another plant

spines: protective functions

reproductive: produce plants from leaves that fall and take root

storage: short underground stem that holds food

Question 10

what is dermal tissue?

Answer 10

plant outer protective covering

Question 11

what is ground tissue and what are it’s functions?

Answer 11

fills interior of plant (includes pith) and stores carbs, helps w/ short distance transport and photosynthesis

Question 12

what does vascular tissue do?

Answer 12

facilitates transfer of materials

Question 13

what are parenchyma cells?

Answer 13

perform metabolic functions

Question 14

what are collenchyma cells?

Answer 14

-supports young parts of cell shoot

-flexible support

Question 15

what are xylem cells and what happens when they mature?

Answer 15

-conduct water

-dead and lignified at functional maturity

Question 16

what are phloem cells?

Answer 16

sieve cells that facilitate the flow nutrients

Question 17

what are meristems?

Answer 17

part of the plant that supports intermed growth growth thru life

Question 18

what are apical meristems?

Answer 18

found at tips of roots/shoots and provide protection for primary growth

Question 19

what are lateral meristems?

Answer 19

growth in circumference in parts of stems/roots that no longer grow in length in woody plants (secondary)