PLANT STRUCTURE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS ROOTS

Question 1

Taproot System

Answer 1

-a strongly developed main root which grows downwards bearing lateral roots much smaller than itself.
-they are modified for reaching deep water in the ground.

Question 2

Fibrous (Diffuse) System

Answer 2

-has several to many roots of the same size that develop from the end of the stem, with smaller lateral roots branching off of them.
-These plants are excellent for preventing erosion.

Question 3

Adventitious Roots

Answer 3

• roots that develop in an unusual place.
  -common along rhizomes of ferns, club mosses and horsetail.
  -in some plants, they are primary means of vegetative reproduction.

Question 4

ROOT CAP

Answer 4

– A covering of cells over the root tip that protects delicate meristematic tissuedirectly behind it.
Each root tip has a root cap A protective thimble-like layer Covers delicate root
apical meristem

Question 5

Root hair

Answer 5

– an extension of an epidermal cell of a root that increases absorptive capacity of the root.
-Short-lived, unicellular extensions of epidermal cells near the growing root tip
-Increase surface area of root in contact with moist soil, increasing root’s absorptive capacity.

Question 6

ROOT WITH UNUSUAL FUNCTIONS

Answer 6

-Prop Roots
-Buttress Roots
-Pneumatophores

Question 7

Prop Root

Answer 7

– An adventitious root that
arises from the stem and provides
additional support for the plant.

Question 8

Buttress Root

Answer 8

Holds the trees upright
and aid in the extensive distribution of
the shallow roots.

Question 9

Pneumatophore

Answer 9

– A specialized aerial root
produced by certain
trees living in swampy
habitats; may
facilitate gas
exchange between the
atmosphere and
submerged roots.