Plant Nutrition Flashcards
(36 cards)
Types of macronutrients
H, C, O, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg
What do C and H make up
almost everything
What does O make up
carbohydrates and other organic compounds
What does N make up
amino acids, chlorophyll, nucleic acids
What does P make up
nucleic acids, energy transfer (ATP), phospholipids
What does S make up
amino acids and proteins
What does K make up
osmoregulation, movement (guard cells)
What does Ca make up
root hair growth, cell division, signaling
What does Mg make up
chlorophyll
types of micronutrients
Cl, B, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, Ni
another name for micronutrients
trace elements
roles for micronutrient Fe
important in chlorophyll synthesis and respiration
roles for micronutrient B
component of plant cell walls
roles of micronutrient Mn
enzyme cofactor and photosynthesis
what is the most common way that plant nutrient requirements are determined
hydroponic culture
2 important factors in plant nutrient status
availability in the soil
uptake into the plant
what factors influence the availability of nutrients in the soil
soil structure, moisture, temperature, pH
how can soil pH be altered
by secreting H+ or organic acids to lower soil pH
how is nutrient uptake increased though soil pH
lowered pH increases cation exchange, co-transport (anions)
solubility
examples of plant methods of increasing ability to absorb nutrients
lateral roots and root hair
symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizae fungi
what form of nitrogen do plants typically absorb
ammonium (NH4+) or nitrate (NO3-)
biological nitrogen fixation
free living bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia
nodules are designed to exclude _____, which interferes with this process
oxygen
bacteroids
organelle-like vesicles within the nodule in which bacteria divide