L7: Vascular Tissue System

Question 1

What primary tissue system does the procambium produce

Answer 1

vascular

Question 2

Where is primary phloem and xylem derived from

Answer 2

procambium

Question 3

where is secondary xylem and phloem derived from

Answer 3

the vascular cambium

Question 4

What does the vascular tissue system consist of

Answer 4

xylem
phloem
parenchyma
sclerenchyma

Question 5

How is vascular tissue arrangement different in monocots and dicots

Answer 5

is present as a ring in dicots, but randomly spread out in a monocot

Question 6

vascular bundle

Answer 6

a strand of primary phloem and xylem often enclosed by a bundle sheath of parenchyma or sclerenchyma fibers

Question 7

functions of the xylem

Answer 7

transport water and minerals
support (sclerenchyma)
storage (parenchyma)

Question 8

cell types of xylem

Answer 8

tracheary elements called tracheids and vessel elements

Question 9

tracheary elements cells criteria

Answer 9

cell wall: lignified secondary cell walls with lots of pits
cell shape: cylindrical with varied diameters
status at maturity: dead
cytoplasm: gone at maturity (PM gone as well)
distribution: in vascular tissue only

Question 10

different perforation plates in vessel element end-walls

Answer 10

simple perforation plate (single hole)
compound perforation plate (several holes)

Question 11

compared to tracheids, vessel elements are:

Answer 11

shorter and wider
better conductors
have perforation plates on end walls
more advanced

Question 12

cell types in phloem

Answer 12

sieve tube elements
companion cells

Question 13

phloem function

Answer 13

transport of sugars, nutrients, and signaling molecules
long-distance signaling

Question 14

_____ supports diameter increase in plasmodesmata/pores

Answer 14

callose

Question 15

sieve elements cell type criteria

Answer 15

cell wall: primary cell walls only with lots of plasmodesmata
cell shape: STE - cylindrical and elongated CC- elongated
status at maturity: alive
cytoplasm: STE filled with phloem sap CC - dense cytoplasm
distribution: vascular tissue only

Question 16

how are sieve tube elements joined together

Answer 16

joined end to end by sieve plates to form continuous sieve tubes

Question 17

sieve plate

Answer 17

portion of cell wall between adjacent sieve tube elements with many sieve pores

Question 18

simple sieve plate

Answer 18

entire plate is a single sieve area

Question 19

compound sieve plate

Answer 19

plate has multiple sieve areas

Question 20

protoxylem

Answer 20

first to form
differentiation happens before elongation of the organ has completed

Question 21

Metaxylem

Answer 21

forms later than the protoxylem
differentiation happens after elongation of the organ has completed

Question 22

protophloem

Answer 22

first to form
differentiation happens before elongation of the organ has completed

Question 23

metaphloem

Answer 23

forms later than the protophloem
differentiation happens after elongation of the organ has completed