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Biology > Plant functions and their strcutures > Flashcards

Plant functions and their strcutures Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does photosynthesis occur in

A

plants and algae

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2
Q

what is an endothermic reavcrion

A
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3
Q

where is light energy from the enviroment transferred to

A

chlorphyll

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3
Q

what is the checmial compound for carbon dioxide

A

Co2

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4
Q

what is the chemical compound for glucose

A

C6H12O6

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5
Q

what is the chemical compound for water

A

H2o

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6
Q

what is the chemical compound of oxygen

A

O2

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7
Q

what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

CO2 + H20 ->C6H12O6 + 02

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8
Q

name three factors that effect photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide concentration,light intensityy and tempreature

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9
Q

how does light intensoity effect phtotsynethesis

A

for most plants, the higher the light intensity the faster the rate of reaction

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10
Q

how does carbon dioxide concentration effect phtotsynethesis

A

carbon dioxide is also needed to make glucose.As the concentration in carbon increase so does the rate of reaction.

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10
Q

how does temperature effect photosynethesis

A
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11
Q

what are auxins

A

a group of plant hormones that inhibigt growth in plant roots and stimulate growth in shoot tips.They are involved in plant tropisms.Auxins are used in root powder and selective weedkillers

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12
Q

what is biomass

A

the total mass of organic matriel measured over a set period of time

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13
Q

what is ethene

A

a hormone that stimulates ripining in fruit

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14
Q

what are gibberellins

A

plant hormones that regulate germination and flowering . they can be used commercially to trigger flower and plant formation or to produce seedless fruits

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15
Q

what is a gravitropism

A

a plants growth in response to gravity

16
Q

what are guard cells

A

cells that surround the stomata and change shape depending on the volume of water .They control the rate of transportation by becoming turgid and opening or closing the stomata

17
Q

what is inverse square law

A

light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the light source

18
Q

what is ligin

A

a matriel that strenghtens the wall of the xylem cells

19
Q

what is a limiting factor

A

a variable that limits the rate of a particular reaction

20
Q

what is the lower epidermis

A

a layer of cells on the leafs lower surface that contains the stomata guard cells

21
Q

what is negative plant tropism

A

the growth of a plant away fromm stimulus

22
Q

what is the palisade mesophill layer

A

the main photosynthetic tissue in plants located below the upper epidermis . it receives the most light so contains the greatest amount of chloroplast concentration

23
Q

what is the phoelm

A

a trasnsport tissue found in plants which is specialised to transport sugars from the leaves to the rest of plant in both directions

24
Q

what is phtosynthesis

A

an endothermic reaction that takes place in photosynthetic organisms and converts light energy to chemical energy

25
Q

what is a plant tropism

A

the growth repsonse to a plant due to a stimulus

25
Q

what is a phtotropism

A

a plants growrh response to light

26
Q

what is a positive plant tropism

A

the growth of a plant towards the stimulus

27
Q

what are producers

A

photpsynthetic organisms at tbhe start of the food chain that provide biomass for all living things

28
Q

what arre root haior cells

A

specialised cells resposnblen for the uptake in water and minerals from soil. they have long hair like extensions called root hairs which provide a large surface area for absorption

28
Q

what is the stomata

A

small holes found on the surface of a plant that can be opened or closed by guard cells to control water loss and gas exchange

28
Q

what is the spongy mesophyll layer

A

a type of loosely packed mesophyll tissue with air pockets for gas exchange and also contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis

28
Q

what is translocation

A

the movemnt of sugars upoo and down the plant from photosynthetic to non photosynthetic tissues via the pholeum it requires energy

28
Q

what are rooting powders

A

a powder containing audxins that stimulates growth of roots in cuttings. this stimulates rapid plant cloning

29
Q

what is transpiration

A

water loss from plant leaves and shoots via diffusion and evaporation.the ratge of transpiration is effected by light intensity tempreasuture and airflow

30
Q

what is thew upper epidermis

A

a layer of transparent cells that allows light to strike through the pallisade mesophy;ll tissue

31
Q

what is the vascular bundle

A

part of the transport system in vascular plants that consist of the xylem and phloem

32
Q

what is waxy cuticle

A

a waxy layer that reduces water loss from the surface of the leaves

33
Q

what is the xyken

A

a transport tissue in plants that is specialised to transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots of the plants to the leaves

Biology (15 decks)

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