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Biology > Plant biology > Flashcards

Plant biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is the reason why water can flow through the vessel
and reach the peak of tall trees.

A

Transpiration pull

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2
Q

The chemical process by which sugars and starches produced by photosynthesis
it converted to energy is called

A

Oxidation

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3
Q

Controlled oxidation in a living cell
known as

A

Respiration

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4
Q

is a ripened ovule containing an embryo within a seed coat, often with
additional storage tissues

A

A seed

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5
Q
  • It is the progression from earlier to later stages in maturation,
    e.g. a fertilized egg develops into a mature tree. It is the process whereby tissues,
    organs, and whole plants are produced
A

Development

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6
Q

It is the irreversible change in size of cells and plant organs due to both
cell division and enlargement. Enlargement necessitates a change in the elasticity
of the cell walls together with an increase in the size and water content of the
vacuole

A

Growth

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7
Q
  • They are seedless,
    vascular plants that show true
    alternation of generation
A

Pteridophytes

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8
Q
  • It is with crown
    of large pinnately compound
    leaves
A

Cycadophata

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9
Q

Hardy,
deciduous tree, dioecious

A

Ginkgophyta

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10
Q

needle-like leaves

A

Pinophata

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11
Q

has no flowers but with
naked seed

A

Gymnosperm

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12
Q
  • has some root and leaflike structure
A

Bryophyta

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13
Q

no seed

A

Cryptogram

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14
Q

with seed

A

Phanerogram

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15
Q

plant flowers without regard to duration of darkness;

A

Day neutral plants

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16
Q

These are those that only bloom when the length of the day
exceeds a certain threshold

A

Long day plant

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17
Q

These plants are those that only bloom when the length of
the day falls below a certain threshold

A

Short-day plants

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18
Q

It is a result of plants’ reaction to light and dark intervals.
* It causes different fruiting seasons

A

Photoperiodism

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19
Q

promotes flowers in some species; opposes some auxin effects;
promotes fruit ripening and abscission; promotes root formation

A

Ethylene

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20
Q

promotes leaf aging; closes stomata during dry spells; helps
maintain seed dormancy; inhibits growth

A

Abscisic acid

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21
Q

stimulate flowering, fruit development and seed germination;
promote bud development, stem elongation and leaf growth

A

Gibberelins

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22
Q
  • It stimulates germination; delay leaf aging; stimulates cell division
    and growth; affects root growth and differentiation
A

Cytokinin

23
Q

apical dominance; affect root growth differentiation and branching; retard
leaf abscission; stimulate stem elongation; development of fruit; phototropism
and gravitropism

A

Auxin

24
Q

It is the matured ovary which
contains the seed

A

Fruit

25
Q

All outer structures
that surround the seed

A

Pericarp

26
Q

It is the innermost layer
of the pericarp which surrounds a seed
in a fruit

A

Endocarp

27
Q

It is the middle layer of
the pericarp of a fruit, between the
endocarp and the exocarp

A

Mesocarp

28
Q
  • It is the outer layer of the
    pericarp of a fruit
A

Exocarp

29
Q

sarcotesta

A

Arila

30
Q

funicular end of the
seed body

A

Chalaza

31
Q

food reserve tissue
in seed derived from fertilized
polar nuclei; or food reserve
derived from megagametophyte
in gymnosperm

A

Endosperm

32
Q

young sporophyte
consisting of epicotyl, hypocotyl,
radicle, and one or more
cotyledons

A

Embryo

33
Q
  • funicular scar on seed
    coat
A

Hilum

34
Q

hole through seed
coat

A

Micropyle

35
Q

reserve in seed
derived from diploid nucellus
integuments

A

Perisperm food

36
Q

covering of
seed outer protective

A

Seed coat

37
Q

on seed coat
formed from adnate funiculus

A

Raphe ridge

38
Q

protective sheath
around epicotyl in grasses

A

Coleoptile

39
Q

protective sheath
around radicle in grasses

A

Coleorhiza

40
Q

embryonic leaf or
leaves in seed

A

Cotyledon

41
Q

apical end of embryo
axis that gives rise to shoot
system

A

Epicotyl

42
Q

embryonic stem in
seed, located below cotyledon

A

Hypocotyl

43
Q

embryonic leaves in
seed, derived from epicotyl

A

Plumule

44
Q

basal end of embryo
axis that gives rise to root
system

A

Radicle

45
Q

shatters open when
ripe

A

Dehiscent fruit

46
Q

It is a self-pollination
where the transfer of pollen grains from
the anther and stigma occurs within the
same plant

A

Autogamy

47
Q

It is the type of selfpollination where the transfer of pollen
grains from the anther to the stigma
takes place between different flowers in
the same plant.

A

Geitonogamy

48
Q

the
transfer of pollen from the anther of one
plant to the stigma of another plant

A

Xenogamy

49
Q

In the course of their life cycle,
plant alternate between two
separate life stages or generations:
the gametophyte, a haploid stage,
and the sporophyte, a diploid
stage

A

Alternation of generaitons

50
Q

Plants utilize energy from the sun
to convert light energy to chemical
energy responsible for the
production of glucose through
photosynthesis

A

Producer

51
Q

Plant cells contain a clearly
defined nucleus enclosed by a
nuclear membrane and membrane
bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotic

52
Q

Plants are organisms that exist as
specialized groups of cells; cells
are organized into tissues that
perform the same function;
tissues form organs and organs
make up an organ system

A

Multicellular

53
Q
  • These are tissues in which the cells
    remain forever young and divide
    actively throughout the life of the plant
A

Merismatic tissue

54
Q
A

Biology (11 decks)

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