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CERP 161 > Planning Process > Flashcards

Planning Process Flashcards

1
Q

The concept of __________ is central to the notion of a cyclical process of planning.

A

Rationality

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2
Q

founded on the principles of reasoning rather than simply on emotions or inspired guesswork.

A

Rational

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3
Q

is generally taken to mean that one seeks to obtain the maximum output for a certain input, or alternatively, to minimize the inputs required to obtain a certain output.

A

Rationality

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4
Q

“Lens of Rationality”

A

Planning

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5
Q

Developing the plan is actually laying out the sequence of events that have to occur for you to achieve your goal.

A

True

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6
Q

a means of developing
policies and programs to
fulfill diverse needs and goals.

A

Planning Process

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7
Q

The process boils down to two
main parts

A

 Elaboration of ends
 Specification of means

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8
Q

“the process of determining goals and designing the means by which these goals may be achieved.”

A

Robert Young

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9
Q

can be viewed as an approach to
problem solving. It provides a systematic way of viewing problems and developing short- and long-term solutions. It can also be viewed as a decision-making process used to help guide decisions concerning future needs.

A

Planning

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10
Q

all significant options and impacts are considered

A

Comprehensive

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11
Q

the process should not waste time or money

A

Efficient

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12
Q

people affected by the plan have the opportunity to get involved

A

Inclusive

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13
Q

results are understood by stakeholders (people affected by a decision)

A

Informative

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14
Q

individual, short-term decisions should support strategic, long-term decisions

A

Integrated

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15
Q

each step leads to the next

A

Logical

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16
Q

everybody involved understands how the process operates

A

Transparent

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17
Q

He wrote the amoral philosophy of expediency in The Prince

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

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18
Q

What is the correct ethics in The Prince

A

The ends and the means have to justify each other.
Consistency and connectedness between intention and action
Compatibility between goals and methods

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19
Q

elaboration of means
• prediction of consequences

A

Technical Exercise

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20
Q

under the rational approach The planner is required to consider all the alternatives and consequences of these.

A

Comprehsiveness

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21
Q

a means to allocate resources in the most efficient manner within a comprehensive framework

A

Allocative mechanism

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22
Q

Other Attributes of the Planning Process

A

SMDPCT
 Science and Art
 Multidisciplinary
 Dynamic
 Participatory
 Cyclic/Spiral
 Time Bound

23
Q

interpret the planning process based from their needs.

A

Authors/Institutions

24
Q

Phases of General Level Planning

A
  1. Basic Goals
  2. Study and Analysis
  3. Plan or Policy Preparation
  4. Implementation and Effectuation
  5. Monitoring and Feedback
25
Q

Stages of the Planning Process

A

IDDSD
Stage 1: Identify problems and needs
Stage 2: Develop goals and objectives
Stage 3: Develop alternative strategies
Stage 4: Select strategies and develop a detailed plan
Stage 5: Design a monitoring and evaluation plan

26
Q

is a ubiquitous human endeavor found in different facets of everyday life.

A

Problem-Solving

27
Q

an “image” of what is involved;

A

Conceptualize the problematic situation

28
Q

to explain what the “image” looks like;

A

Arrive at a representation of the problem situation

29
Q

the process of determining what the people want their city municipality to become is often considered the most important step in the planning process.

A

Goal Formulation

30
Q

is an intermediate condition achieved along the pathway toward some larger desired accomplishment (outcome).

A

Objective

31
Q

is a desired outcome that is more specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bound (SMART)

A

Target

32
Q

Indicates the target population for given services.

A

Specific

33
Q

Indicates how many will be targeted.

A

Measurable

34
Q

Indicates the geographic location of the target population or community.

A

Area-specific

35
Q

Takes into account existing resources, and has the support of the target population or community involved.

A

Realistic

36
Q

Should indicate the time period when accomplishments will be achieved.

A

Time-Bound

37
Q

two most critical influences conceptualizing alternatives.

A

Creativity and thought

38
Q

The development of the plan requires four types of activities:

A
  1. Programming
  2. Allocating resources
  3. Scheduling
  4. Fixing accountability
39
Q

Identify the activities or tasks that need to be completed in order to reach the desired obiectives.

A

Programming

40
Q

Determine and assign the resources needed to implement the activities.
Resources are normally divided into three general categories: human, physical (materials, facilities and equipment) and financial.

A

Allocating resources

41
Q

Establish the required time needed to complete each activity. This will involve an assessment of how long each task takes to be completed.

A

Scheduling

42
Q

Determine specific individual and/or agencies/institutions responsible for the accomplishment of activities.

A

Fixing accountability

43
Q

There are two types of evaluations

A

Process Evaluation
Impact evaluation

44
Q

concerned with the efficient use of resources such as personnel and equipment, and focuses on reducing waste and making more productive use of scarce resources. It is primarily concerned with finding better ways of implementing the plan.

A

Process Evaluation

45
Q

Measure whether or not the plan is having an impact on the target population or environment. It is concerned with program effectiveness, that is, whether or not the plan is achieving its objectives.

A

Impact Evaluations

46
Q

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE PLANNING PROCESS

A
  1. Problem Diagnosis
  2. Goal Articulation
  3. Prediction and Projection
  4. Design of Alternatives
  5. Plan Testing
  6. Evaluation
  7. Implementation
47
Q

Planning begins with some sense of dissatisfaction with the status quo; if there were no problem, there would be no need for action. In many cases problems are not defined so clearly, and the planner’s task includes diagnosis prior to developing alternative solution strategies.

A

Problem Diagnosis

48
Q

Goals relate to problem definitions. The translation of vague and incoherent goals into operational terms is one of the most difficult challenges of planning. The correct identification and clear articulation of goals and objectives are important and a critical part of the planning process.

A

Goal Articulation

49
Q

The development of alternative solutions to problems alwavs requires proiection into the future in order to estimate the conditions, needs, and constraints Prediction and is essential for evaluating and selecting alternatives. Evaluation ailernative proposal thour possible future
conditions.

A

Prediction and Projection

50
Q

Design of actions

A

Planning

51
Q

one of the planner’s unique skills

A

Capability of designing alternatives

52
Q

Each option that has been developed or designed has to be subjected to another test:

A

Plan Testing

53
Q

This stage begins when the planners have a number of alternatives they know can be implemented. If there is only one alternative, there must be a “go/no go” decision either to carry out the proposed set of actions or do nothing. In other contexts, with options to compare, decision makers have some freedom to estimate the relative impact of each. One option is to do nothing, and retain the status quo.

A

Evaluation

54
Q

becomes the indivisible part of the process that links intentions with results. A strong political commitment appears to be necessary, but not always sufficient, condition for the adoption and successful realization of results. Clearly defined goals, which are translatable into objectives that can be monitored, are important.

A

Implementation

CERP 161 (9 decks)

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