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A > Planning for Community Change > Flashcards

Planning for Community Change Flashcards

1
Q

T or F, health planning occurs on both an ongoing and episodic basis

A

true - always room for change/improvement - ongoing process

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2
Q

what is health planning

A

Process where problems are identified, priorities are selected
Objectives are set for development of programs based on health assessments/data

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3
Q

what are the biggest outcomes we hope for in health planning

A

disease prevention

health promotion

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4
Q

common themes of nat’l and international health plans

A

Health promotion and disease prevention
Addressing social determinants of health
Achieving health equity within the whole population

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5
Q

overall goal of health planning

A

achieving health equity within the whole population

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6
Q

what are the levels of health planning

A

Global

National and State

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7
Q

what does the global level of health planning consist of

A

WHO

United Nations

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8
Q

what does the national/state level of health planning consist of

A

(Pa) State Dept of Health
US Dept of Health/Human Svcs
National Prevention Strategy
Healthy People 2020

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9
Q

What is the goal of the National Prevention Strategy

A

Americans are healthy throughout each stage of life

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10
Q

what is the community health improvement planning process

A

Involves all sectors of the community
CHA - conduct a community health assessment
Identify priorities for an action plan
Develop/implement a Community Health Improvement Plan (CHIP)
Guide future decisions/allocates resources

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11
Q

the timing of health planning depends on the

A

Responsibility of the planning agency
Type of assessment data
Nature of the health problem

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12
Q

the main thing in a community assessment

A

you have to have a key informant - go to person - familiar with community itself - conduct interviews

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13
Q

what are the different approaches a community assessment uses

A

Key informant interviews
Analysis of data on health status/behavior indicators
Observations
Community surveys

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14
Q

what is the systems theory

A

Allows for reciprocal exchange/flow of information, energy, resources and goods/services
Looks at human activity
Systems within the community are interdependent and interconnected - trickle down effect

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15
Q

when we work with the community we want to

A 
define population of interest
identify stakeholders/opinion leaders
form coalitions (task force to implement plan)
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16
Q

what is the social-ecological model based on

A

general systems and health promotion theory

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17
Q

what is the social-ecological model

A

multiple determinants of health interact at different levels to affect health status of people, aggregates, or communities (inter-related)

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18
Q

what is the health impact pyramid

A

a framework for community health nurses when planning health promotion interventions at multiple levels

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19
Q

what are the stages of the health impact pyramid (bottom to top)

A 
Socioeconomic factors 
Changing the Context to Make Individuals' Default Decisions Healthy
Long-lasting Protective Interventions
Clinical Interventions
Education and Counseling
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20
Q

what are some examples socioeconomic factors r/t the health impact pyramid

A

employment, income, poverty, education - all influence access to healthcare

21
Q

Changing the Context to Make Individuals’ Default Decisions Healthy examples

A

taxing sugary drinks in Philadelphia (impact on health)

high taxes/cost of cigarettes

22
Q

Long-lasting Protective Interventions examples

A

(preventative) vaccines/immunizations, colonoscopies, self breast exams

23
Q

Clinical Interventions

A

looking at disease entities and the treatments of disease

24
Q

Education and Counseling

A

drug and alcohol counseling - up to individual to go

25
Q

which of the health impact pyramid requires the most effort on behalf of health care practitioners

A

education and counseling - on an individual basis - not a lot of success in this stage

26
Q

3 types of multi-level interventions

A

upstream - society level (policy development)
mainstream - population/community level
downstream - individual level (counseling)

27
Q

multilevel interventions are needed to achieve change in complex community health conditions with multiple determinants, T or F

A

True

28
Q

what is a tool we use to measure health disparities and health equity

A

HIA process (health impact assessment)

29
Q

what can impact the social determinants of health

A

health disparities
health equity
social justice

30
Q

what does the HIA Process look at for the social determinants of health

A 
screening 
scoping
assessment
recommendations
reporting
monitoring and evaluation
31
Q

what is the change theory

A

ice cube theory
Unfreezing
Changing
Refreezing

32
Q

what does the unfreezing represent in Lewins Model of change

A

employees are ready for change

33
Q

what does the change represent in Lewins Model of Change

A

execution of the intended change

34
Q

what is the re-freezing in Lewins Model of Change

A

the change becomes permanent

35
Q

what is the force field analysis

A

tool used to identify forces driving or restraining change

36
Q

what is the purpose of levers of change

A

increase driving forces and decrease restraining forces

37
Q

examples of levers of change

A

tax on soda, tobacco and alcohol

38
Q

what is community involvement in change

A

planning/interventions to change health status

assessing community readiness to undertake change process related to a specific health issue

39
Q

model of making change stick in Community Involvement in Change

A

Leadership - commit, initiate, drive, motivate, negotiate
Method - successful ways of doing things
Driver - business imperative, vision, goals
Culture - the way we do things here
Competency - people, competencies, resources
Engagement - connections, communications, learning

40
Q

What are the SMART goal objectives when planning community level interventions

A 
S - Specific
M -Measurable
A - Attainable
R - Results Oriented
T- Time Bound
41
Q

what is the logic model

A

Visual representation of how a program is organized
*A tool for planning and communication
Allows the nurse to identify needed/available resources
Plan the sequence and time-frame for program implementation, develop a budget, identify how results are measured

42
Q

what are the 4 stages of the logic model

A

Inputs/Resources (Constraints)
Activities
Outputs/Measures
Intermediate Outcomes (Goals)

43
Q

what is collaboration and teamwork among community health nurses

A

Bridging the gap when there are cultural and language differences

44
Q

when evaluating community level interventions utilize these steps

A

Develop evaluation questions
Determine indicators or measures you use to answer evaluation questions
Identify where you will find the data to support this
Decide on a method to collect data
Specify time frame used to collect data
Plan how you will analyze the data based on type your using
Decide how to communicate the results

45
Q

Funding community level intervention programs

A

accountability
sustainability
program replication
project funding (government, private, local)

46
Q

who are valuable partners to public health dept and community nurses in planning, implementing and funding programs to improve population health

A

community benefit programs of local or regional hospitals and HMO’s

47
Q

what is social marketing

A

use of marketing to change health behaviors/beliefs to improve health or benefit society

48
Q

what are nurse managed health centers

A

nurse-managed health centers providing health promotion/primary care svcs to vulnerable/under-served populations/aggregates

A (11 decks)

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