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A > Challenges in Community and Public Health Nursing > Flashcards

Challenges in Community and Public Health Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

**what is an antigenic drift

A

slow, progressive genetic chgs. taking place in RNA/DNA as organisms replicate (slowly an antibiotic becomes resistant)

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2
Q

**what is an antigenic shift

A

sudden chg in DNA/RNA, resulting in new strain of micro-organisms

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3
Q

what is an epidemic (specific diseases)

A

HIV - animal to human during hunting

Ebola virus - hunting and eating a bat

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4
Q

when an antigenic shift occurs the first stage is considered an

A

epidemic - then endemic - then symbiotic (beneficial or lethal)(malaria in Ecuadoran region; sickle cell disease)

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5
Q

what is pathogenicity

A

ability of an infectious agent to cause disease in a specific host

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6
Q

agents and hosts are not all created equally, T or F

A

True

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7
Q

what are some host factors

A

immunizations, age/race/immune deficiency, genetic/biologic factors

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8
Q

what are host factors

A

traits that affect susceptibility to disease, in comparison to others

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9
Q

what is an agent

A

microbe/virus

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10
Q

the IOM convergence model explains what

A

how the microbe/virus (agent) converges with a human (agent-host-environment interaction)

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11
Q

what is the epidemiological triad

A

agent - host - environment

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12
Q

what was the environment/mean of transmission for H1N1

A

droplet, contact

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13
Q

who was the Host for H1N1

A

human

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14
Q

what was the agent for H1N1

A

influenza virus

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15
Q

frequent changes due to antigenic drift is why a new flu vaccine is created yearly, T or F

A

True

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16
Q

How is H1N1 spread

A

easily, not extremely pathogenic

17
Q

what is the most likely next flu pandemic

A

avian flu

18
Q

what is the agent for avian flu

A

avian influenza (H5N1) - 63% fatality rate

19
Q

who is the host for avian flu

A

human

20
Q

what is the environment for avian flu

A

contact with poultry

21
Q

what is the agent in SARS

A

coronavirus

22
Q

what is the host in SARS

A

human

23
Q

What is the environment for SARS

A

close contact with bodily fluids (healthcare environments)

24
Q

the next big virus will come from

A

ASIA - lg amt of people - global travel to/from - cultural practices with animals (eating habits)

25
Q

what is the agent in Tuberculosis

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

26
Q

what is the host in tuberculosis

A

humans

27
Q

what is the environment with tuberculosis

A

close contact w/infected person

28
Q

s/s of active TB infection

A

chronic productive cough, low grade fever, night sweats, weight loss, positive PPD

29
Q

what is directly observed therapy

A

we need to watch you take your treatment for 21 days with TB (rifampin and INH)

A (11 decks)

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