Planning, Design, and Construction Flashcards
Enables project participants to access various digital models throughout the design process without having to wait for paper drawings to be produced and delivered.
Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Is a fixed-price agreement, broken down into phases: preliminary, design development, construction documents, and construction administration. This is generally calculated from an estimate by the designer for the amount of work (hours) necessary by task.
Lump Sum Fee
Used on larger projects of known scope and budget. It is also often used as a comparator between different consultants.
Fixed Percentage of Cost Fee
Used for projects of unknown scope. The fees are directly charged based on the hourly rates and the number of hours required to perform a task.
Time and Materials Fee
Defines the general terms and conditions of a transaction and provides the basis for the drafting of a subsequent agreement.
Letter of Intent (LOI)
A lease of extended duration that is frequently structured to allow the construction of improvements by the lessee on an institution’s land.
Ground Lease
Also known as deeded rights-of-way, involving the long-term or permanent conveyance between parties of certain rights, privileges, and interests in property.
Easement
Reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing building for the purpose of maintaining it.
Repair
Construction or renovation to an existing structure rather than repair or addition.
Alteration
The process of accurately reconstructing or repairing the forms and details of a building or structure or portion thereof as it appeared at a particular period or periods of time by means of removal of later work and/or the replacement of missing original work.
Restoration
The act or process of applying measures necessary to sustain the existing form, integrity, and materials of a historic property.
Preservation
The act or process of making possible a compatible use for a property through repair, alterations, and additions while preserving those portions or features that convey its historical, cultural, or architectural values.
Rehabilitation
A change of use where an existing building that has served a particular use is altered to accommodate a new use. For instance, a classroom building may be renovated for use as a residence hall.
Adaptive Re-Use
Something more than simple repair or routine maintenance. For example, different types of renovation include major repair, alteration, and restoration.
Renovation
Identifies and documents the condition of existing finishes, structural systems, and other building systems. The survey should include a thorough evaluation of the building’s exterior envelope, including the roof, windows, and wall construction.
Existing Conditions Survey
An assessment or conceptual plan, based on information about existing conditions, to determine whether a building could be renovated to accommodate a proposed program.
Feasibility Study
The guiding document for the renovation of a historic building. This report incorporates the existing conditions information with a description of the building’s history and its character-defining features that are unique and make the building historically significant.
Historic Structure Report
A concept that embraces the design of facilities while balancing appropriate but sometimes competing program, quality, performance, and cost requirements. A creative, function-oriented, organized approach to optimizing the total cost and performance of a facility or service.
Value Management
systematic process relying on the use of concepts and techniques that identify and analyze the function of the project components and systems. A process aimed at reducing construction costs without sacrificing project function, quality, or reliability.
Value Engineering (VE)
Decisions made during the first 10 percent of a project’s effort determine 90 percent of a project’s outcome, particularly as it relates to cost and schedule.
90/10 Rule
Estimating procedure used to determine the cost of a facility system or component renewal based on the average useful life of an individual component. Typically based on visual observations, using a facilities condition assessment/audit, to determine the remaining useful life of a system.
Life Cycle Costing
A green building certification system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council, that provides third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance in energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality, and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
professional management practice consisting of an array of services applied to construction projects and programs through the planning, design, construction and post construction phases for the purpose of achieving project objectives including the management of quality, cost, time, and scope.
Construction Management
A professional service that can be applied to all delivery systems where the CM acts as the owner’s principal agent in the management of a construction project or program, or where the CM is responsible to the owner for managing the planning, design, construction, and post construction phases, or portions thereof.
Agency Construction Management
Contractually referred to as the owner’s representative, this individual has primary day-to-day project management responsibilities during construction.
Construction Manager (CM)
This individual, usually the construction management department head or facilities director, has administrative responsibilities over the entire construction program.
Construction Contract Administrator
The design consultant responsible for preparing plans and specifications and interpreting these documents during construction.
Architect/Engineer (A/E)
Used to educate and inform bidders about the project requirements and bidding procedures.
Pre-bid Conference
Ensures that a bid is a serious, bona fide bid and provides compensation to an owner in the event that the low bidder fails to honor his or her bid.
Bid Bond
Marks the beginning of the construction period. Because the owner may lack the protection of the contractor’s bond and insurance, the owner should not permit the contractor to work on the project site until the Notice to Proceed is issued.
Notice to Proceed
Contractual mechanism for altering the terms and conditions of a construction contract. Used to document agreement between the owner and contractor on additions, deletions, and modifications to the scope of work.
Change Order
A contract in which a contractor “guarantees” the price of construction to the owner. To do this, a general contractor will include a contingency in his or her contract price. The amount of the contingency is influenced by the status of the construction documents, including quality and completeness.
Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP) Contract
Guarantees that the surety will fulfill the obligations of the contract should the contractor default.
Performance Bonds
Industry standard property insurance covering the project itself from perils such as fire, smoke, collapse, vandalism, water, and freezing.
Builder’s Risk Insurance
The primary liability coverage for the project—encompasses three forms of liability exposures: public liability, contingent liability, and completed operations liability.
Comprehensive General Liability Insurance
Instead of relying on a general contractor or an architecture/engineering firm to maintain insurance policies, some institutions have provided their own wrap-up insurance coverage through owner-contracted insurance policies
Owner-Contracted Insurance Policy
Refers to the time when the project is sufficiently completed and ready for its intended purpose.
Substantial Completion
Refers to the time when the contractor has completed all of the contract requirements, including the completion of all punch list items, the submittal of as-built drawings, warranties, extra stock, operations and maintenance manuals, and other contractual requirements.
Final Completion
