Pilgrims/Mayflower Flashcards
What year did the Mayflower depart
1620
King ___ the ___ declared himself head of a new national church called the Church of ___
Henry, eight, England
What else is the Church of England known as? What religion is practiced?
The Anglican Church
Protestantism
What was the problem with King Henry the Eight’s church?
Retained too many practices from the Roman church, which is what existed before his reign
Who were the puritans and what did they give King Henry?
Wanted to “purify” the Church from within
Passive obedience
Sepratists
People that believed that the church could not be purified and wanted to separate from it
What did the puritans want for the Church?
To make it even more protestant like the earlier christians worshiped
Where was the separatists church congregation that established Plymouth centered?
Scrooby England
Why did they want to separate and why could they not?
They were persecuted, hanged, and jailed for their beliefs
They wanted religious freedom
Why did the separatists flee to Dutch Netherlands for 11 years
They could practice their own religion under the lenient laws
Where did they stay in the Netherlands
Amsterdam and then Leiden
Why did they leave the Netherlands?
Everyone had to work a lot and they were afraid the kids would lose their English roots
What did they decide to do?
Establish a farming village in the Northern part of the Virginia Colony and settle near present-day NYC
How did they plan to live in the New World?
under the English government but they would worship in their own separate church
What did they do because they didn’t have enough money to establish the village?
They made a deal with Thomas Weston, London Businessman
What was the deal with Weston?
What did this cause many separatists to do?
they would give him all their profits for seven years in exchange for resources, supplies, and a ship. Hearing this, many separatists backed out causing Weston to put strangers on the ship bc he wanted money
What happened to the Speedwell?
Master Reynolds didn’t want pilgrims to go on journey so he built the ship so it would leak the first time
It turned back
Was brought to Reynolds to fix again
Reynolds pretended to fix it
Sent it back
Leaked again so it was left behind for good
Pilgrims set a month back
When did the Mayflower set out and how many passengers
1620, 102
How long was voyage
66 days
Why did they settle at Cape Cod
Dangerous shoals + poor winds = seek shelter at Cape Cod
Too late in year + travel around Cape Cod being difficult = decided to stay in New England
What was the Mayflower Compact
Compact written by separatist + stranger man for self governance and maintaining peace as the pilgrims knew they needed law abiding souls to make the colony successful
First document in the New World that established self governance
Who signed the Mayflower compact
41 white men
Separatists + strangers
What happened with the strangers since they landed in Cape Cod
The strangers did not want to follow Virginian laws so they made Mayflower Compact to maintain peace
What was the place the able men found to settle?
An abounded Wampanoag community with plentiful water, good harbor, cleared fields and a location on a hill
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What happened 4 months after their arrival with the Indians
Who did they sign it with
They made a treaty of mutual protection with the Pokenet Wompanoag leader, Massoit
Squanto
A native American man taken captive by english sailors that lived in London who taught them how to farm corn
How did they mark their first harvest and the growing of food?
Massoit joined the English with 90 men for feasting and entertainment
Over the next ___ years, more ____ colonists came to Plymouth and many people that stayed behind were able to join their ___
6, English, families
___ were good and the colony was ___. ___ people lived there by 1627.
Harvests, stable, 160
Problems aboard the ship
No sanitation
5 feet of space
Too much sodium in food + dehydration + hypothermia
Everyone drank beer
Cracks on beams
Storms
Much of what is known about the pilgrims is through the journal of ___
William Bradford
Who became governor after John Carver died?
William Bradford
Who were the leaders?
John Carver, William Bradford, William Brewster, Myles Standish, Edward Winslow
What was the name of the company that funded the Mayflower?
The Virginia Company
