New York/Connecticut Flashcards
Did the Puritans in Massachusetts share the same ideas?
Not all of them
Who was Thomas Hooker?
A puritan clergyman who used to live in New Towne, Boston, founder of Connecticut
What happened since Hooker didn’t agree with the laws and leadership in Massachusetts?
His family and 100 other people travelled to Connecticut valley with their animals and their belongings
Where was Connecticut Valley?
A fertile valley along a river to the west of Massachusetts
Where did Hooker and his followers establish their settlement? What did they call it?
On the site of an old Dutch fort
Hartford
How many other settlements did Hartford join with to form Connecticut? What year?
Two
1639
What did Hooker believe the government should be based on?
The free consent of the people to whom belongs the choice of officials by God
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The first written plan of government for all colonies
Guaranteed the right to vote for all men who were part of the Puritan church
What was New Haven
Why did the people establish it
What did the people that established it agreed to live by?
A separate colony other puritans made that agreed to “live by the word of God”
Wanted stricter laws than Hookers more Protestant
Compare New Haven’s laws to that of Hartford
New Haven’s laws were stricter
In 1662, King Charles II granted a charter. What did the charter say?
It was for a new Connecticut colony that included New Haven
It gave Connecticut the most rights enjoyed by any other colonists except Rhode Islands
What became the symbol of Connecticuts freedom?
The “Charter Oak”
What was the climate and geography of Connecticut?
Cold winters, mild summers
Forested hills, sea coast
What was the economy + occupations for Connecticut
Farming, shipbuilding, whaling, fishing
What was the government of Connecticut?
Self governing, Written constitution
What settlement did the English take control of and call New York, and who was it named after
New Netherland
Proprietor (Duke of York)
What were the names of the friends the Duke of York gave huge chunks of his colony to that then made New Jersey in the south?
Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley
Who did the duke award large estates along the Hudson River to and what was the outcome?
Wealthy Englishmen
They charged high rents to the farmers working their land, relating a great different in wealth between land owners and poor tenants
Discouraged people from settling in New York
The Duke of York expected New York to be a ____ colony, so what did he do as its owner?
Money-making
Appointed people to run the colony
Issued his own laws
Decided taxes
Who approved of the Dukes laws and who did not?
Rich landlords approved, farmers, fishers, and tradespeople did not
What did farmers, fishers, and tradespeople demand
What did the Duke say?
The right to elect an assembly to make the laws for New York, but the Duke refused
Why did the Duke refuse the assembly at first?
He said that elected assemblies disturbed the peace of the government
After years of protest, the Duke allowed the New Yorkers to elect an assembly. What did the assembly do?
How many laws did it pass?
What was the most important law?
What was the other 3 important laws?
Pass 15 laws
Most important was a charter listing the number of rights most colonists beloved they deserved as English Citizens
Right to elect lawmakers, right to trial by jury, the right to worship as they please
What happened when the Duke saw what the assembly had done?
He abolished it
When did New York get a new assembly
Under the leadership of Jacob Leisler
Who was Jacob Leisler
Elected commander in chief of a democratic council that governed until 1691
In 1691, New York was
Finally granted the right to elect an assembly that made laws and set taxes for the colony
Founders of New York
Dutch West India Company and James Duke of York
Settlers of New York
Dutch and English in search of new lives
Climate of New York
Cold, snowy winters; hot, humid summers
Geography of New York
Wetlands along the coast and Hudson River, forested mountains to the North
Economy/Occupations of New York
Fur-trapping, lumbering, shipping, slave trade, merchants and tradesman, farming, iron mining
Religion of New York
Various faiths
Government of New York
British-appointed governor and council alternating with elected assembly
Why did a group of Puritans form their own colony of New Haven, instead of joining Hooker’s Connecticut colony?
They wanted to live by stricter laws than those of Connecticut
What did Hooker believe in government-wise?
The people electing their leaders
Before, New York was called ____ which was Dutch
New Netherland
New York was a ___ colony, controlled by the king
Royal
What did New York begin as and what happened with it?
Began as the Dutch colony of New Netherland which owed its economic success to trade with Native Americans and British colonies
James Duke of York conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York
How was James, Duke of York, related to England’s King Charles II
Brothers
What was the religion of Connecticut
Puritan
