New England/Middle/Southern Colonies Flashcards
What were the New England Colonies?
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire
Why did the first settlers of the New England Colonies go there?
Religious freedom.
Why did the English government support all of the colonies?
They were competing for wealth as well as land.
What was the climate of the New England Colonies?
Long, cold winters and rocky hilly wilderness.
What was made difficult in the New England Colonies due to the climate and what did the colonists use it for instead?
Farming was difficult so instead they took advantage of the sea and built economy on small farms, lumbering, fishing, shipbuilding, trade (fur trading).
___ grow enough crops to ___ but not ___ (New England)
Can, live, trade.
Port of Boston (New England)
Profitable, everything ran through there, lots of trade
Middle Colonies
NY, Pennsylvania, NJ, Delaware
What backgrounds did the first settlers have? (MC)
Diverse cultural and religious backgrounds
Land (MC)
Landscape ranged from rich soil of Coastal New Jersey and Delaware to the valleys and wooded mountains of New York and Pennsylvania
What did the farmers raise (MC) + What opportunities
Livestock, various crops, lumbering and ship building
____ started the colony of Pennsylvania for ____ and then other groups with the same ___ followed and settlements of ____(4)
The Quakers, Pennsylvania, goal, French, Dutch, Germans, English
Southern Colonies
Maryland, Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia
Geography + climate (SC)
Broad rivers, vast wetlands that merged with the sea
The ___ and the ___ and ___ climate were ideal for growing ___ such as tobacco and rice (SC)
Soil, hot, wet, cash crops
What did wealthy colonists due with the given climate? (SC)
They took advantage of it by making plantations
What did the plantation owners rely on? (SC)
They relied on indentured servants and enslaved Africans for transport
After harvested, the crops were brought by ___ to the ___ and then loaded on ___ for transport (SC)
River, coast, ships
Mercantilism
Keeps the mother country richer than colony and only allows trade with the mother country but mother country can trade with other countries
Why did the king allow the illegal trade that was going on with his colonies?
Colonies must give 1/5 of their profits to the mother country
How could the colonists settle?
With permission from the King of England and he had to issue a charter to every colony but they needed to make their own laws b/c they were too far away
Why did most colonies develop different governments?
Based on different purposes
What was the general assembly?
A group of elected, white, land-owning, puritan, men who made the laws
In ___ religious colonists established a ___. However, a system of town meetings emerged in which colonists ___ for ___ to ___ them.
Massachusetts, theocracy, voted, representatives, govern.
Who could vote in most Colonies?
Free, white, landowning men, but in other Colonies, they also had to belong to the preferred church. Other colonists, including women, slaves, servants, and tradespeople who were not landowners could not vote.
What colonial region was considered the “breadbasket colony”
The middle colonies because they exported grains
Which product did the New England colonies export?
Lumbering and ship building materials
Warmer
Longer growing season
Fertile soil
Than New England colonies
Middle colonies
What did the Middle Colonies grow and what was their cash crop?
They grew wheat, fruits, and vegetables
Cash crop = wheat
What are the two important rivers in the Middle Colonies
The Hudson River and the Delaware River
Much of the Middle Colonies is ___
Lowlands
What was the climate of the Southern Colonies?
Warm climate with hot summers and mild winters
What was the geography of the southern colonies?
Coastal plains in the East to Piedmont farther inland
What were the westernmost regions like in the Southern colonies?
Mountainous
Growing climate in Southern colonies?
The soil was perfect for farming and had the longest growing season
What did the hot summers cause in the Southern Colonies?
Diseases such as malaria and yellow fever
Why did religion not have as large of an impact in the Southern colonies?
People lived on plantations that were often distant
What was the southern colony entirely based on
Farming
What crops were grown in the southern colonies and where?
Rice indigo tobacco sugarcane and cotton were cash crops
Crops grown on large plantations where indentured servants and slaves worked
There were a lot of ___ churches in the South
Baptist
