Pennsylvania/Maryland Flashcards
What city did William Penn establish as the capital of Pennsylvania and what does it mean?
Philadelphia
“City of brotherly love”
What religion was practiced in Pennyslvania?
None
Various faiths
Who was the King of England during the period that Pennsylvania was established?
King Charles II
What two reasons did the King have for granting the right for Penn to establish a colony in the Americas?
He could repay a large debt he owed to Penn’s father, Admiral Penn
He could get rid of William, who was a pain
William Penn was a member of the ____. What was another name for this group?
The Quakers
“The Society of Friends”
What did the Quakers believe in and refuse to do?
A simple lifestyle and treating everyone fairly
They did not pay taxes to the Church of England, fight in wars, and refused to bow to the King
What did the King do to Penn in attempt for him to stop preaching his beliefs? Did it work?
He jailed Penn
Penn continued to preach even after being released
What was the main reason Penn established a colony in America?
The Quakers were unwelcome in England and he wanted to be able to practice their own BELIEFS
Where did the King grant Penn the land for his colony?
In between the Puritan colonies of New England and the Anglican colonies in the South
What law drew people to Pennsylvania?
The Great Law of 1682, that promised that people of all faiths would be treated equally
“Poor people (both men and women) of all kinds, can get here ___ times the Wages for their labor than they can in ___ or ___
3
England
Whales
Pennsylvania was the first ___ in America
Democracy
Who were the settlers in Pennsylvania?
The Quakers and other Europeans seeking freedom and equality
What was the climate in Pennsylvania?
Cold winters; hot, humid summers
What was the geography of Pennsylvania?
Rolling hills, trees, and fertile soil
Occupations?
Farming (crops and livestock), merchants and tradesmen, lumbering, and ship building
What was the religion and government of Pennsylvania?
Various faiths and self governing
The founding of Maryland was a ____
Family enterprise
Who was the founder of Maryland?
Sir George Calvert (Lord Baltimore)
What faith did Sir George Calvert practice?
He was a Roman Catholic
Why were Catholics treated poorly at the time in England?
Because the Anglican Church was protestant and not Roman Catholic like before
Calvert wanted to start a colony that was ___
Founded on religious freedom where there would be good and prosperous life for those willing to take the risk
As a businessman, Calvert also hoped that…
The colony would make his family more Sinwealthy
Since Calvert died while bargaining with the King…
The new king, King Charles I, granted a charter to Calvert’s son, Cecil (the new Lord Baltimore)
What and who did the charter to Cecil give complete control over?
The charter gave the Calverts complete control of the colony, which was called Maryland.
Armed with these powers, Cecil named his ___, ___ the governor of Maryland.
Brother, Leonard
To make money for the colony, Cecil needed to attract ____ and ____
Catholics and protestants
Where did Leonard and his followers build St. Mary’s City?
On a high, dry bluff
From whom did Leonard purchase his land for St. Mary’s City from?
The Yaocomico tribe
Leonard ___ to let Maryland elect an assembly
agreed
What was the Act Concerning Religion?
Who created it
Who did it apply to
Who did it not apply to
It was to protect Catholics rights as they would always be outnumbered
It was America’s first law that guaranteed religious liberty
It only applied to Christians, not Atheists or Jews
What was Sir George Calvert’s dream for Maryland?
That Catholics would worship freely and took part in government alongside of Protestants
Despite Calvert’s efforts, Protestants and Catholics…
Waged a tug of war for over a century
During the rocky Catholic and Protestant period, the founding family of Maryland…
Lost and regained power multiple times
Who were the settlers of Maryland?
Catholics and Protestants seeking religious and political freedom
What was the climate of Maryland?
Cold, rainy winters; hot, humid summers
What was the geography of Maryland?
Low, fertile land surrounding Chesapeake Bay
Economy/occupations of Maryland?
farming and ranching, lumbering, shipping, fishing, iron mining
What was the religion and government of Maryland?
Various faiths, mainly Catholic
Self-governing
Pennsylvania was a ___ colony?
Breadbasket
What else did the Quakers believe?
No slavery,
Everyone has a link with God
All people are equal in Gods eyes
Puritans prayed to the ___ while the Quakers prayed directly to ___. The Puritans thought this was ___.
Priests
God
Weird
William Penn (Quakers) believed that people do not need ___ as everyone has a direct ___ with ___.
Ministers
Connection
God
There was no Slavery in this colony
Pennsylvania
In this colony, the Catholics had the benifits
Maryland
What was the Maryland Toleration Act (Act Concerning Religion)
All christians could participate could participate in Church
