PIg musculoskeletal Flashcards
When is splay leg most commonly an issue
In premature piglets e.g PRRSV outbreak causing early farrowings
What infectious agents are associated with joint ill (arthritis in suckling pigs)
strep suis (1), staphylococcus, T pyogenes
What primary infectious agents are associated with arthritis in weaners and growers
- Glasserella parasuis
- Erysipelas rhusiopathiae
- Strep suis type 1, 2, 14
- Mycoplama hyorhinis
What pathology is found with glasserella parasuis
+what about in the survivers of the septicaemia
Polyserositis: arthritis, pleurisy, pericarditis, peritonitis
Survivors develop chronic arthritis, heart failure +/- intestinal obstruction
Usually fatal
Wht would we suspect is the issue if we see some lameness and coughing, some septicaemia
Glasserella parasuis
What do we need to remember about Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Zoonotic
Farms near poultry farms are at much higher risk
3 forms of erysipelothrix rhustipathiae infection
1) Peracute; sudden death due to overhwelming septicaemia, flushed skin
2) Acute = diamond skin lesions from septicaemia, high fever
3) Chronic; congestive heart failure from endocarditis, lameness due to arthritis
Pathological findings wih erysipelothrix rhusipathiae
fibrinous excessive joint fluid, polyarthritis, cartilage erosion etc, valvular vegetative endocarditis in heart, petechial haemorrhages in kidneys
What can we use to treat erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and when is it more effective (acute or chronic)
Penicillin
More effective in acute
When might we choose to vaccinate growers as well as breeders against erysipelothrix rhusipathiae
In high risk outdoor farms e.g with turkey contact
When do we vaccinate piglets for strep suis
A bit after weanign as maternal antibody can interfere with vaccine response
What is the key predisposing factor for strep suis
Stress and inadequate colostral protection
When do we typically see disease with strep suis
2-6 weeks
What type of diseases can mycoplasma hyorhinis cause
polyserotitis, arthritis, otitis media, pneumonia
= low mortality
Where do we take a sample to diagnose mycoplasma hyorhinis
From non-respiratory locaition since it is common non-pathogenic inhabitant on nasal cavity
E.g sample joint for PCR analysis
What is the common cause of arthritis in finisher pigs
mycoplasma hyosynoviae
- PIglets exposed young by dams but closotral antibodies last to around 10-12 weeks so see disease then
Or see lameness in newly purchsed breeding stock esp since stressful
Clinical signs of arthritis in finisher pigs and what do they look like on PM
dog-sitting, shifting weight, minimal swelling, 10-12% become chronic
Diagnosis: clear yellow/brown joint fluid containing fibrin, proliferative inflammation of synovial membrane, articular surface normal + confirm by PCR
What is the aertiology behind bursitis
hard floors, high stocking densities, wide slats, heavy pigs
= common; seen as a -ve welfare outcome on assurance schemes
WHat is a carpal hygroma
accumulation of fluid following trauma with formation of bursa in carpal region
Usually not lame but seen as a -ve welfare outcome
What is the aetiology of porcine stress syndrome
Where there is an inherted depect mutation in RYR gene which causes Ca2+ release channel in SR to open at lower threshod
Linked to pletrain pedigree breed and heavy muscling
Which 4 conditions are related as part of porcine stress syndrome
1) porcine stress syndrome
2) Malignant hyperthermia
3) Pale soft exudative pork
4) Back muscle necrosis
What is malignant hyperthermia
When pigs have massive muscle contraction upon exposure to halothane causing temp rise, vasodilation, hypovolaemic shock, cardiac dysrhytmia and death
Related to RYR mutation
Which gene is affected in porcine stress syndrome
Hal gene
What is pale soft exudative pork
= active glycolysis at slaughter so pH of muscle falls while still warm
Meat loses colour, water holding capacity
Exacerbated by stress pre-slaughter; those w Hal mutation more susceptible
