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Brain and Behavior > Picornavirus > Flashcards

Picornavirus Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

enterovirus: acid stable or labile?

A

stable

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2
Q

describe antigenic neutralizing sites on poliovirus type 1

A

viral binding site is a canyon that surrounds the 5-fold axis; antigenic neutralizing sites surround the canyon; hydrophobic pocket at the base of the canyon

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3
Q

how the polio vaccine works

A

the antibody binds to the canyon of the virus and blocks the cell receptor from binding to the virus

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4
Q

polio virus receptor

A

PVR

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5
Q

coxsackieviruses group B receptors

A

hCAR, DAF

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6
Q

major human rhinovirus receptor

A

ICAM-1

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7
Q

organization of the picornavirus RNA genome

A

positive sense RNA, single stranded, 5’ NTR, poly A tail, protein coding region, 3’ NTR

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8
Q

the protein coding region for picornavirus genome

A

P1: viral capsid coding region

P2/P3: nonstructural protein coding region

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9
Q

the 5’ NTR of the enteroviruses comprises what percent of their genome?

A

10%

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10
Q

what causes attenuation of the polio virus?

A

single nucleotide change that causes a loop in the translation protein

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11
Q

the polio virus makes 2Apro protein in order to inhibit..

A

the eIF-4G complex that helps initiate translation

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12
Q

the polio virus makes 3Cpro protein in order to inhibit..

A

PABP from binding to the polyA tail

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13
Q

the poliovirus inhibits the host cell’s machinery in order to..

A

only make copies of itself, not the host’s proteins

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14
Q

transmission of enterovirus

A

fecal-oral, respiratory, shedding, incubation period is variable

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15
Q

modes of vertical transmission of enterovirus/what this causes in the newborn

A

congenital (transplacental), peripartum; cause neonatal sepsis

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16
Q

a congenital condition which would cause susceptibility to contracting enterovirus from the mother during 3rd trimester or during birth

A

x-linked agammaglobulinemia (B cell deficiency)

17
Q

enterovirus elimination by the body involves..

A

humoral (B cell) immunity, not T cells

18
Q

vaccine strains of poliovirus are called.

A

Sabin strains

19
Q

*primary sites of distribution of lesions due to poliomyelitis

A

grey matter anterior horns of spinal cord//motor nuclei of pons and medulla (affects motor and autonomic neurons)

20
Q

most common clinical presentation of polio

A

minor illness (90-95%)

21
Q

abortive poliomyelitis symptoms

A

fever, headache, stiffness of neck, back hamstrings, hyperesthesias, paresthesias

22
Q

CSF changes are consistent with aseptic meningitis in

A

abortive poliomyelitis

23
Q

how can you differentiate paralytic poliomyelitis from Guillian-Barre syndrome?

A

paralysis is ASYMMETRIC and flaccid in polio, SYMMETRIC in Guillain-Barre syndrome

24
Q

*describe Sabin vaccines for polio

A

live attenuated, induces systemic AND gut immunity to polio

25
Q

entervirus is responsible for more than 85% of cases of..

A

aseptic meningitis in the US

26
Q

which produces more neurologic findings: encephalitis or meningitis?

A

encephalitis since its infection of the brain itself

27
Q

enterovirus that’s responsible for most acute sporadic myocarditis

A

group B coxsackievirus

28
Q

what enterovirus causes hand foot and mouth disease?

A

coxsackie virus A-16

29
Q

where you would find vesicles in a patient with herpangina (from coxsackievirus)

A

tonsils, uvula, tongue, palate, posterior pharynx, anterior pillars of the fauces

30
Q

what enterovirus causes pleurodynia (epidemic myalgia, Bornholm disease)?

A

coxsackievirus group B (devil’s grip chest pain)

31
Q

*most severe form of sepsis for babies

A

neonatal enterovirus sepsis syndrome

32
Q

neonatal enterovirus sepsis syndrome causes..

A

hepatitis, myocarditis, meningo-encephalitis

33
Q

*clinical findings of children with chronic enteroviral meningoencephalitis in agammaglobulinemia (CEMA)

A

Chronic meningitis
dementia
hepatitis
dermatomyositis

34
Q

rituximab targets..

A

CD20 (anti-B cell)

35
Q

*cell culture for detection of enterovirus has been replaced by..

A

RT-PCR (rapid diagnosis test of choice)

Brain and Behavior (21 decks)

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