Herpes- medical microbio

Question 1

what defines the subfamilies of herpesvirus?

Answer 1

sequence homology and tissue tropism

Question 2

herpes virus is known for this type of life-cycle

Answer 2

latent: limited gene expression, genome maintenance, immune evasion

Question 3

the subfamily of herpesvirus that causes cancer

Answer 3

gamma

Question 4

structural characteristic unique to herpes virion

Answer 4

tegment: helps take over the host cell when it infects

Question 5

gene expression cascade of herpesvirus lytic cycle

Answer 5

immediate-early, early, late

Question 6

immediate-early genes are not inhibited..

Answer 6

not inhibited by cyclohexamide

Question 7

early genes are inhibited by..

Answer 7

are inhibited by cyclohexamide

Question 8

late genes are inhibited by..

Answer 8

inhibited by viral polymerase inhibitors

Question 9

blocking protein synthesis in a cell blocks these genes

Answer 9

early genes, because they’re dependent on immediate early genes

Question 10

what type of nucleic acid comprises the herpesvirus genome?

Answer 10

DNA

Question 11

the main target for antiviral drugs

Answer 11

dna polymerase

Question 12

what does alpha HV infect?

Answer 12

neurons

Question 13

what does beta HV infect?

Answer 13

CD34+, monocytes

Question 14

what does gamma HV infect?

Answer 14

B cells (B cell tumors)

Question 15

reactivation is caused by

Answer 15

lytic replication

Question 16

HV infectiosn are mediated by…// these immunocompromised patients are at risk

Answer 16

cell mediated immunity//neonates, ederly, HIV, transplant

Question 17

these subfamilies of herpes virus are diseases of lytic replication

Answer 17

alpha and beta HV- Direct tissue injury

Question 18

subfamily that is a disease of latency

Answer 18

gamma HV (EBV, KSHV)

Question 19

prototype antiviral

Answer 19

acyclovir

Question 20

acyclovir targets… so,…

Answer 20

viral DNA polymerase; not effective against latent virus

Question 21

foscarnet (pyrophosphate analogs) bind to

Answer 21

pyrophosphate site of DNA polymerases thus preventing nucleotide binding

Question 22

during long-term treatment of immunocompromised patients with acyclovir and its derivatives can cause..

Answer 22

drug resistance mutations in TK and DNA pol

Question 23

“below the waist” herpes subfamily

Answer 23

HSV2

Question 24

“above the waist” herpes subfamily

Answer 24

HSV1

Question 25

HSV acute replication happens in ___; latency occurs in ____ for oral HSV, and _____ for genital HSV

Answer 25

epithelial cells

trigeminal ganglia

spinal ganglia

Question 26

a viral non-coding RNA expressed during latency

Answer 26

latency-associated transcript (LAT)

Question 27

lobe affected by HSV encephalitis

Answer 27

temporal

Question 28

ELISA detects viral..

Answer 28

antigen

Question 29

PCR or hybridization detects..

Answer 29

viral DNA in tissue

Question 30

how varicella-zoster virus spreads

Answer 30

droplets into the respiratory tract

Question 31

anti-chicken pox vaccine

Answer 31

varivax

Question 32

vaccine given to elderly to prevent shingles

Answer 32

zostervax