physiology of jaundice

Question 1

ALT / AST

Answer 1

1. Found in high concentration within hepatocytes

2. marker of hepatocellular injury

Question 2

ALP

Answer 2

concentrated in;

1. liver
2. bile ducts
3. bone tissues

Question 3

GGT

Answer 3

1. Biliary epithelial damage

2. Bile flow obstruction

Question 4

What does : ALT > AST indicate

Answer 4

chronic liver disease

Question 5

What does : AST > ALT indicate

Answer 5

liver cirrhosis

alcoholic hepatitis

Question 6

What does : very high ALP indicate?

Answer 6

Cholestasis

Question 7

What does : isolated rise in ALP indicate?

Answer 7

non hepatic damage

bone mets / vit d deficiency

Question 8

What does : raised GGT indicate?

Answer 8

Raised in alcohol use and drugs such as phenytoin

Question 9

What does pale urine indicate?

Answer 9

unconjugated bilirubin in the urine as it is water soluble and does not affect the colour

Question 10

What does dark urine indicate?

Answer 10

conjugated bilirubin inthe urine

Question 11

AST vs ALT

Answer 11

1. AST - found in variety of tissue, liver, brain pancreas etc

not specific to liver injur

2. ALT - primary in liver and indicates liver injury